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Sorption Mechanism and Optimization Study for the Bioremediation of Pb(II) and Cd(II) Contamination by Two Novel Isolated Strains Q3 and Q5 of Bacillus sp

Author

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  • Parviz Heidari

    (Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood 3619995161, Iran)

  • Antonio Panico

    (Telematic University Pegaso, Piazza Trieste e Trento 48, 80132 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

The use of bacterial strains as agents in bioremediation processes could reduce the harmfulness of potential toxic elements (PTEs) from water and soil with low or even no impact on the natural ecosystems. In this study, two new metal resistant-bacterial strains (Q3 and Q5) of Bacillus sp. were isolated from a sulfurous spring and their potential (as pure cultures or mixed) to remove Pb(II) and Cd(II) from an aqueous matrix was evaluated and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for Cd(II) removal from all tested strains combinations were observed at an initial pH 5, a temperature of 38 °C, and an initial Cd(II) concentration of 50 mg L −1 , while the performance of bacterial strains on Pb(II) removal was strongly correlated to initial pH and temperature conditions. Moreover, the efficiency of bacterial strains in removing both PTEs, Pb(II) and Cd(II), from an aqueous matrix was considerably higher when they were used as a mixed culture rather than pure. According to field emission SEM (FESEM) and EDS analysis, the two bacterial strains showed different mechanisms in removing Cd(II): Bacillus sp. Q5 bio-accumulated Cd(II) in its periplasmic space, whereas Bacillus sp. Q3 bio-accumulated Cd(II) on its cell surface. On the other hand, Pb(II) is removed by chemical precipitation (lead sulfide) induced by both Bacillus sp. Q3 and Q5. This study discloses new aspects of Pb(II) and Cd(II) bioremediation mechanisms in Bacillus species that can be extremely useful for designing and operating novel PTEs bioremediation processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Parviz Heidari & Antonio Panico, 2020. "Sorption Mechanism and Optimization Study for the Bioremediation of Pb(II) and Cd(II) Contamination by Two Novel Isolated Strains Q3 and Q5 of Bacillus sp," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-20, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:11:p:4059-:d:368213
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Massimiliano Fabbricino & Alberto Ferraro & Vincenzo Luongo & Ludovico Pontoni & Marco Race, 2018. "Soil Washing Optimization, Recycling of the Solution, and Ecotoxicity Assessment for the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Sites Using EDDS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-12, February.
    2. Marco Race & Alberto Ferraro & Massimiliano Fabbricino & Agostino La Marca & Antonio Panico & Danilo Spasiano & Alice Tognacchini & Francesco Pirozzi, 2018. "Ethylenediamine- N , N ′-Disuccinic Acid (EDDS)—Enhanced Flushing Optimization for Contaminated Agricultural Soil Remediation and Assessment of Prospective Cu and Zn Transport," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-13, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Monika Wróbel & Wojciech Śliwakowski & Paweł Kowalczyk & Karol Kramkowski & Jakub Dobrzyński, 2023. "Bioremediation of Heavy Metals by the Genus Bacillus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-17, March.

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