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Arsenic Uptake, Toxicity, Detoxification, and Speciation in Plants: Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects

Author

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  • Ghulam Abbas

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan)

  • Behzad Murtaza

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan)

  • Irshad Bibi

    (Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
    MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany)

  • Muhammad Shahid

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan)

  • Nabeel Khan Niazi

    (Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
    MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
    Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, Australia)

  • Muhammad Imran Khan

    (Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Amjad

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan)

  • Munawar Hussain

    (Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan)

  • Natasha

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan)

Abstract

Environmental contamination with arsenic (As) is a global environmental, agricultural and health issue due to the highly toxic and carcinogenic nature of As. Exposure of plants to As, even at very low concentration, can cause many morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. The recent research on As in the soil-plant system indicates that As toxicity to plants varies with its speciation in plants (e.g., arsenite, As(III); arsenate, As(V)), with the type of plant species, and with other soil factors controlling As accumulation in plants. Various plant species have different mechanisms of As(III) or As(V) uptake, toxicity, and detoxification. This review briefly describes the sources and global extent of As contamination and As speciation in soil. We discuss different mechanisms responsible for As(III) and As(V) uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants, at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. This review highlights the importance of the As-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as their damaging impacts on plants at biochemical, genetic, and molecular levels. The role of different enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (salicylic acid, proline, phytochelatins, glutathione, nitric oxide, and phosphorous) substances under As(III/V) stress have been delineated via conceptual models showing As translocation and toxicity pathways in plant species. Significantly, this review addresses the current, albeit partially understood, emerging aspects on (i) As-induced physiological, biochemical, and genotoxic mechanisms and responses in plants and (ii) the roles of different molecules in modulation of As-induced toxicities in plants. We also provide insight on some important research gaps that need to be filled to advance our scientific understanding in this area of research on As in soil-plant systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Ghulam Abbas & Behzad Murtaza & Irshad Bibi & Muhammad Shahid & Nabeel Khan Niazi & Muhammad Imran Khan & Muhammad Amjad & Munawar Hussain & Natasha, 2018. "Arsenic Uptake, Toxicity, Detoxification, and Speciation in Plants: Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-45, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:1:p:59-:d:125186
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Francesca Faita & Liliana Cori & Fabrizio Bianchi & Maria Grazia Andreassi, 2013. "Arsenic-Induced Genotoxicity and Genetic Susceptibility to Arsenic-Related Pathologies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-20, April.
    2. Muhammad Bilal Shakoor & Nabeel Khan Niazi & Irshad Bibi & Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman & Ravi Naidu & Zhaomin Dong & Muhammad Shahid & Muhammad Arshad, 2015. "Unraveling Health Risk and Speciation of Arsenic from Groundwater in Rural Areas of Punjab, Pakistan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-20, October.
    3. Ayansina Segun Ayangbenro & Olubukola Oluranti Babalola, 2017. "A New Strategy for Heavy Metal Polluted Environments: A Review of Microbial Biosorbents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. José C. Ramalho & João Pelica & Fernando C. Lidon & Maria M. A. Silva & Maria M. Simões & Mauro Guerra & Fernando H. Reboredo, 2023. "Soil Arsenic Toxicity Impact on the Growth and C-Assimilation of Eucalyptus nitens," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-19, April.
    2. Patricia De Francisco & Ana Martín-González & Daniel Rodriguez-Martín & Silvia Díaz, 2021. "Interactions with Arsenic: Mechanisms of Toxicity and Cellular Resistance in Eukaryotic Microorganisms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-22, November.
    3. Veronika Zemanová & Daniela Pavlíková & Milan Novák & Petre I. Dobrev & Tomáš Matoušek & Václav Motyka & Milan Pavlík, 2022. "Arsenic-induced response in roots of arsenic-hyperaccumulator fern and soil enzymatic activity changes," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 68(5), pages 213-222.
    4. Sana Khalid & Muhammad Shahid & Natasha & Irshad Bibi & Tania Sarwar & Ali Haidar Shah & Nabeel Khan Niazi, 2018. "A Review of Environmental Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Wastewater Use for Crop Irrigation with a Focus on Low and High-Income Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-36, May.
    5. Muhammad Qaswar & Liu Yiren & Kailou Liu & Lv Zhenzhen & Hou Hongqian & Xianjin Lan & Ji Jianhua & Waqas Ahmed & Liu Lisheng & Abdul M. Mouazen & Zhang Huimin, 2022. "Interaction of Soil Nutrients and Arsenic (As) in Paddy Soil in a Long-Term Fertility Experiment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-11, September.
    6. Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda & Subash C. B. Gopinath & Uda Hashim & Muhammad Nur Afnan Uda & Tijjani Adam & Nor Azizah Parmin & Sreeramanan Subramaniam & Suresh V. Chinni & Veeranjaneya Reddy Lebaka & Ramac, 2023. "Controlling Arsenic Accumulation in Rice Grain under Nanomaterials-Assisted Optimal Greenhouse Set-Up," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-14, February.
    7. Simone Morais & Henrique M. A. C. Fonseca & Sónia M. R. Oliveira & Helena Oliveira & Vivek Kumar Gupta & Bechan Sharma & Maria de Lourdes Pereira, 2021. "Environmental and Health Hazards of Chromated Copper Arsenate-Treated Wood: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-12, May.

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