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Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis HC-2 Combined with Biochar on the Growth and Cd and Pb Accumulation of Radish in a Heavy Metal-Contaminated Farmland under Field Conditions

Author

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  • Zigang Li

    (School of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
    State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang 473000, China)

  • Peng Wang

    (School of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China)

  • Xiaoyu Yue

    (School of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China)

  • Jingtao Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
    School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

  • Baozeng Ren

    (State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
    School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

  • Lingbo Qu

    (State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
    School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

  • Hui Han

    (Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-route Project of South-North Water Diversion of Henan Province, School of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to explore the effect of heavy metal-resistant bacteria and biochar (BC) on reducing heavy metal accumulation in vegetables and the underlying mechanism. We tested Bacillus thuringiensis HC-2, BC, and BC+HC-2 for their ability to immobilize Cd and Pb in culture solution. We also studied the effects of these treatments on the dry weight and Cd and Pb uptake of radish in metal-contaminated soils under field conditions and the underlying mechanism. Treatment with HC-2, BC, and BC+HC-2 significantly reduced the water-soluble Cd (34–56%) and Pb (31–54%) concentrations and increased the pH and NH 4 + concentration in solution compared with their vales in a control. These treatments significantly increased the dry weight of radish roots (18.4–22.8%) and leaves (37.8–39.9%) and decreased Cd (28–94%) and Pb (22–63%) content in the radish roots compared with the control. Treatment with HC-2, BC, and BC+HC-2 also significantly increased the pH, organic matter content, NH 4 + content, and NH 4 + /NO 3 ? ratio of rhizosphere soils, and decreased the DTPA-extractable Cd (37–58%) and Pb (26–42%) contents in rhizosphere soils of radish. Furthermore, BC+HC-2 had higher ability than the other two treatments to protect radish against Cd and Pb toxicity and increased radish biomass. Therefore, Bacillus thuringiensis HC-2 combined with biochar can ensure vegetable safety in situ for the bioremediation of heavy metal-polluted farmland.

Suggested Citation

  • Zigang Li & Peng Wang & Xiaoyu Yue & Jingtao Wang & Baozeng Ren & Lingbo Qu & Hui Han, 2019. "Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis HC-2 Combined with Biochar on the Growth and Cd and Pb Accumulation of Radish in a Heavy Metal-Contaminated Farmland under Field Conditions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:19:p:3676-:d:272226
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tiejun Wang & Xiaoyu Wang & Wei Tian & Lunguang Yao & Yadong Li & Zhaojin Chen & Hui Han, 2020. "Screening of Heavy Metal-Immobilizing Bacteria and Its Effect on Reducing Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ Concentrations in Water Spinach ( Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-16, April.

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