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One-Year Follow-Up Examination of the Impact of the North Carolina Healthy Food Small Retailer Program on Healthy Food Availability, Purchases, and Consumption

Author

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  • Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts

    (Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

  • Qiang Wu

    (Department of Biostatistics, College of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

  • Kimberly P. Truesdale

    (Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA)

  • Lindsey Haynes-Maslow

    (Department of Agricultural and Human Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA)

  • Jared T. McGuirt

    (Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA)

  • Alice Ammerman

    (Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA)

  • Ronny Bell

    (Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

  • Melissa N. Laska

    (Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA)

Abstract

We examined the short-term impact of the North Carolina Healthy Food Small Retailer Program (HFSRP), a legislatively appropriated bill providing funding up to $25,000 to small food retailers for equipment to stock and promote healthier foods, on store-level availability and purchase of healthy foods and beverages, as well as customer dietary patterns, one year post-policy implementation. We evaluated healthy food availability using a validated audit tool, purchases using customer bag-checks, and diet using self-reported questionnaires and skin carotenoid levels, assessed via Veggie Meter™, a non-invasive tool to objectively measure fruit and vegetable consumption. Difference-in-difference analyses were used to examine changes in HFSRP stores versus control stores after 1 year. There were statistically significant improvements in healthy food supply scores (availability), with the Healthy Food Supply HFS score being −0.44 points lower in control stores and 3.13 points higher in HFSRP stores pre/post HFSRP ( p = 0.04). However, there were no statistically significant changes in purchases or self-reported consumption or skin carotenoids among customers in HFSRP versus control stores. Additional time or other supports for retailers (e.g., marketing and promotional materials) may be needed for HFSRP implementation to influence purchase and consumption.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts & Qiang Wu & Kimberly P. Truesdale & Lindsey Haynes-Maslow & Jared T. McGuirt & Alice Ammerman & Ronny Bell & Melissa N. Laska, 2018. "One-Year Follow-Up Examination of the Impact of the North Carolina Healthy Food Small Retailer Program on Healthy Food Availability, Purchases, and Consumption," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-10, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2681-:d:186210
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andreyeva, Tatiana & Luedicke, Joerg & Middleton, Ann E. & Long, Michael W. & Schwartz, Marlene B., 2011. "Changes in Access to Healthy Foods after Implementation of the WIC Food Package Revisions," Contractor and Cooperator Reports 292086, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts & Qiang Wu & Kimberly P. Truesdale & Melissa N. Laska & Taras Grinchak & Jared T. McGuirt & Lindsey Haynes-Maslow & Ronny A. Bell & Alice S. Ammerman, 2017. "Baseline Assessment of a Healthy Corner Store Initiative: Associations between Food Store Environments, Shopping Patterns, Customer Purchases, and Dietary Intake in Eastern North Carolina," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-13, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Henry Wolgast & McKenna M. Halverson & Nicole Kennedy & Isabel Gallard & Allison Karpyn, 2022. "Encouraging Healthier Food and Beverage Purchasing and Consumption: A Review of Interventions within Grocery Retail Settings," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Allison Karpyn & Kathleen McCallops & Henry Wolgast & Karen Glanz, 2020. "Improving Consumption and Purchases of Healthier Foods in Retail Environments: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-28, October.

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