IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v9y2016i4p226-d66308.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Thermo-Economic Analysis of Zeotropic Mixtures and Pure Working Fluids in Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery

Author

Listed:
  • Florian Heberle

    (Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTTT), Center of Energy Technology (ZET), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany)

  • Dieter Brüggemann

    (Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTTT), Center of Energy Technology (ZET), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany)

Abstract

We present a thermo-economic analysis of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for waste heat recovery. A case study for a heat source temperature of 150 °C and a subcritical, saturated cycle is performed. As working fluids R245fa, isobutane, isopentane, and the mixture of isobutane and isopentane are considered. The minimal temperature difference in the evaporator and the condenser, as well as the mixture composition are chosen as variables in order to identify the most suitable working fluid in combination with optimal process parameters under thermo-economic criteria. In general, the results show that cost-effective systems have a high minimal temperature difference ΔT PP,C at the pinch-point of the condenser and a low minimal temperature difference ΔT PP,E at the pinch-point of the evaporator. Choosing isobutane as the working fluid leads to the lowest costs per unit exergy with 52.0 €/GJ ( ΔT PP,E = 1.2 K; ΔT PP,C = 14 K). Considering the major components of the ORC, specific costs range between 1150 €/kW and 2250 €/kW. For the zeotropic mixture, a mole fraction of 90% isobutane leads to the lowest specific costs per unit exergy. A further analysis of the ORC system using isobutane shows high sensitivity of the costs per unit exergy for the selected cost estimation methods and for the isentropic efficiency of the turbine.

Suggested Citation

  • Florian Heberle & Dieter Brüggemann, 2016. "Thermo-Economic Analysis of Zeotropic Mixtures and Pure Working Fluids in Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:226-:d:66308
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/4/226/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/4/226/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tsatsaronis, Georgios & Winhold, Michael, 1985. "Exergoeconomic analysis and evaluation of energy-conversion plants—I. A new general methodology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 69-80.
    2. Heberle, Florian & Preißinger, Markus & Brüggemann, Dieter, 2012. "Zeotropic mixtures as working fluids in Organic Rankine Cycles for low-enthalpy geothermal resources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 364-370.
    3. Astolfi, Marco & Romano, Matteo C. & Bombarda, Paola & Macchi, Ennio, 2014. "Binary ORC (organic Rankine cycles) power plants for the exploitation of medium–low temperature geothermal sources – Part A: Thermodynamic optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 423-434.
    4. Tempesti, Duccio & Fiaschi, Daniele, 2013. "Thermo-economic assessment of a micro CHP system fuelled by geothermal and solar energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 45-51.
    5. Andreasen, J.G. & Larsen, U. & Knudsen, T. & Pierobon, L. & Haglind, F., 2014. "Selection and optimization of pure and mixed working fluids for low grade heat utilization using organic Rankine cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 204-213.
    6. Theresa Weith & Florian Heberle & Markus Preißinger & Dieter Brüggemann, 2014. "Performance of Siloxane Mixtures in a High-Temperature Organic Rankine Cycle Considering the Heat Transfer Characteristics during Evaporation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(9), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Astolfi, Marco & Romano, Matteo C. & Bombarda, Paola & Macchi, Ennio, 2014. "Binary ORC (Organic Rankine Cycles) power plants for the exploitation of medium–low temperature geothermal sources – Part B: Techno-economic optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 435-446.
    8. Feng, Yongqiang & Zhang, Yaning & Li, Bingxi & Yang, Jinfu & Shi, Yang, 2015. "Sensitivity analysis and thermoeconomic comparison of ORCs (organic Rankine cycles) for low temperature waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 664-677.
    9. Le, Van Long & Kheiri, Abdelhamid & Feidt, Michel & Pelloux-Prayer, Sandrine, 2014. "Thermodynamic and economic optimizations of a waste heat to power plant driven by a subcritical ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) using pure or zeotropic working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 622-638.
    10. Florian Heberle & Dieter Brüggemann, 2015. "Thermo-Economic Evaluation of Organic Rankine Cycles for Geothermal Power Generation Using Zeotropic Mixtures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-28, March.
    11. Tchanche, Bertrand F. & Lambrinos, Gr. & Frangoudakis, A. & Papadakis, G., 2011. "Low-grade heat conversion into power using organic Rankine cycles – A review of various applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3963-3979.
    12. Chen, Huijuan & Goswami, D. Yogi & Rahman, Muhammad M. & Stefanakos, Elias K., 2011. "A supercritical Rankine cycle using zeotropic mixture working fluids for the conversion of low-grade heat into power," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 549-555.
    13. Tsatsaronis, Georgios & Winhold, Michael, 1985. "Exergoeconomic analysis and evaluation of energy-conversion plants—II. Analysis of a coal-fired steam power plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 81-94.
    14. Borsukiewicz-Gozdur, Aleksandra & Nowak, Władysław, 2007. "Comparative analysis of natural and synthetic refrigerants in application to low temperature Clausius–Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 344-352.
    15. Klonowicz, Piotr & Heberle, Florian & Preißinger, Markus & Brüggemann, Dieter, 2014. "Significance of loss correlations in performance prediction of small scale, highly loaded turbine stages working in Organic Rankine Cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 322-330.
    16. Quoilin, Sylvain & Broek, Martijn Van Den & Declaye, Sébastien & Dewallef, Pierre & Lemort, Vincent, 2013. "Techno-economic survey of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 168-186.
    17. Florian Heberle & Dieter Brüggemann, 2014. "Thermoeconomic Analysis of Hybrid Power Plant Concepts for Geothermal Combined Heat and Power Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-16, July.
    18. Angelino, Gianfranco & Colonna di Paliano, Piero, 1998. "Multicomponent Working Fluids For Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 23(6), pages 449-463.
    19. Shu, Gequn & Gao, Yuanyuan & Tian, Hua & Wei, Haiqiao & Liang, Xingyu, 2014. "Study of mixtures based on hydrocarbons used in ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) for engine waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 428-438.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Alvin Kiprono Bett & Saeid Jalilinasrabady, 2021. "Optimization of ORC Power Plants for Geothermal Application in Kenya by Combining Exergy and Pinch Point Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Qiang Liu & Ran Chen & Xinliu Yang & Xiao Xiao, 2023. "Thermodynamic Analyses of Sub- and Supercritical ORCs Using R1234yf, R236ea and Their Mixtures as Working Fluids for Geothermal Power Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-22, July.
    3. Zhen Tian & Yingying Yue & Yuan Zhang & Bo Gu & Wenzhong Gao, 2020. "Multi-Objective Thermo-Economic Optimization of a Combined Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) System Based on Waste Heat of Dual Fuel Marine Engine and LNG Cold Energy Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-23, March.
    4. Huster, Wolfgang R. & Schweidtmann, Artur M. & Mitsos, Alexander, 2020. "Globally optimal working fluid mixture composition for geothermal power cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    5. Youcef Redjeb & Khatima Kaabeche-Djerafi & Anna Stoppato & Alberto Benato, 2021. "The IRC-PD Tool: A Code to Design Steam and Organic Waste Heat Recovery Units," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-37, September.
    6. Jesper Graa Andreasen & Martin Ryhl Kærn & Fredrik Haglind, 2019. "Assessment of Methods for Performance Comparison of Pure and Zeotropic Working Fluids for Organic Rankine Cycle Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-25, May.
    7. Charles E. Sprouse, 2024. "Review of Organic Rankine Cycles for Internal Combustion Engine Waste Heat Recovery: Latest Decade in Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-74, February.
    8. Jesper G. Andreasen & Martin R. Kærn & Leonardo Pierobon & Ulrik Larsen & Fredrik Haglind, 2016. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Organic Rankine Cycle Power Plants Using Pure and Mixed Working Fluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-15, April.
    9. Li, Jian & Hu, Shuozhuo & Yang, Fubin & Duan, Yuanyuan & Yang, Zhen, 2019. "Thermo-economic performance evaluation of emerging liquid-separated condensation method in single-pressure and dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycle systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    10. Feili, Milad & Rostamzadeh, Hadi & Ghaebi, Hadi, 2022. "Thermo-mechanical energy level approach integrated with exergoeconomic optimization for realistic cost evaluation of a novel micro-CCHP system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 630-657.
    11. Eller, Tim & Heberle, Florian & Brüggemann, Dieter, 2017. "Second law analysis of novel working fluid pairs for waste heat recovery by the Kalina cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 188-198.
    12. Alberto Benato & Alarico Macor, 2017. "Biogas Engine Waste Heat Recovery Using Organic Rankine Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-18, March.
    13. Magdalena Santos-Rodriguez, M. & Flores-Tlacuahuac, Antonio & Zavala, Victor M., 2017. "A stochastic optimization approach for the design of organic fluid mixtures for low-temperature heat recovery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 145-159.
    14. Li, Jian & Yang, Zhen & Hu, Shuozhuo & Duan, Yuanyuan, 2021. "Influences of fluid corrosivity and heat exchanger materials on design and thermo-economic performance of organic Rankine cycle systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    15. Pallis, Platon & Varvagiannis, Efstratios & Braimakis, Konstantinos & Roumpedakis, Tryfonas & Leontaritis, Aris - Dimitrios & Karellas, Sotirios, 2021. "Development, experimental testing and techno-economic assessment of a fully automated marine organic rankine cycle prototype for jacket cooling water heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    16. Kolahchian Tabrizi, Mehrshad & Bonalumi, Davide, 2022. "Techno-economic performance of the 2-propanol/1-butanol zeotropic mixture and 2-propanol/water azeotropic mixture as a working fluid in Organic Rankine Cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    17. Oyeniyi A. Oyewunmi & Christos N. Markides, 2016. "Thermo-Economic and Heat Transfer Optimization of Working-Fluid Mixtures in a Low-Temperature Organic Rankine Cycle System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-21, June.
    18. Zhonghe Han & Peng Li & Xu Han & Zhongkai Mei & Zhi Wang, 2017. "Thermo-Economic Performance Analysis of a Regenerative Superheating Organic Rankine Cycle for Waste Heat Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-23, October.
    19. Sanne Lemmens, 2016. "Cost Engineering Techniques and Their Applicability for Cost Estimation of Organic Rankine Cycle Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-18, June.
    20. Xu, Weicong & Zhao, Ruikai & Deng, Shuai & Zhao, Li & Mao, Samuel S., 2021. "Is zeotropic working fluid a promising option for organic Rankine cycle: A quantitative evaluation based on literature data," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    21. Marcin Kruzel & Tadeusz Bohdal & Krzysztof Dutkowski & Waldemar Kuczyński & Katarzyna Chliszcz, 2022. "Current Research Trends in the Process of Condensation of Cooling Zeotropic Mixtures in Compact Condensers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.
    22. Schilling, J. & Entrup, M. & Hopp, M. & Gross, J. & Bardow, A., 2021. "Towards optimal mixtures of working fluids: Integrated design of processes and mixtures for Organic Rankine Cycles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    23. Li, Jian & Yang, Zhen & Hu, Shuozhuo & Yang, Fubin & Duan, Yuanyuan, 2020. "Thermo-economic analyses and evaluations of small-scale dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycle system using pure fluids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    24. Li, Jian & Yang, Zhen & Shen, Jun & Duan, Yuanyuan, 2023. "Enhancement effects of adding internal heat exchanger on dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Florian Heberle & Dieter Brüggemann, 2015. "Thermo-Economic Evaluation of Organic Rankine Cycles for Geothermal Power Generation Using Zeotropic Mixtures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-28, March.
    2. Jesper Graa Andreasen & Martin Ryhl Kærn & Fredrik Haglind, 2019. "Assessment of Methods for Performance Comparison of Pure and Zeotropic Working Fluids for Organic Rankine Cycle Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-25, May.
    3. Xu, Weicong & Zhao, Ruikai & Deng, Shuai & Zhao, Li & Mao, Samuel S., 2021. "Is zeotropic working fluid a promising option for organic Rankine cycle: A quantitative evaluation based on literature data," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    4. Jesper G. Andreasen & Martin R. Kærn & Leonardo Pierobon & Ulrik Larsen & Fredrik Haglind, 2016. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Organic Rankine Cycle Power Plants Using Pure and Mixed Working Fluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-15, April.
    5. Magdalena Santos-Rodriguez, M. & Flores-Tlacuahuac, Antonio & Zavala, Victor M., 2017. "A stochastic optimization approach for the design of organic fluid mixtures for low-temperature heat recovery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 145-159.
    6. Schilling, J. & Entrup, M. & Hopp, M. & Gross, J. & Bardow, A., 2021. "Towards optimal mixtures of working fluids: Integrated design of processes and mixtures for Organic Rankine Cycles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    7. Steven Lecompte & Sanne Lemmens & Henk Huisseune & Martijn Van den Broek & Michel De Paepe, 2015. "Multi-Objective Thermo-Economic Optimization Strategy for ORCs Applied to Subcritical and Transcritical Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-28, April.
    8. Lecompte, Steven & Huisseune, Henk & van den Broek, Martijn & Vanslambrouck, Bruno & De Paepe, Michel, 2015. "Review of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) architectures for waste heat recovery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 448-461.
    9. Feng, Yongqiang & Hung, TzuChen & Zhang, Yaning & Li, Bingxi & Yang, Jinfu & Shi, Yang, 2015. "Performance comparison of low-grade ORCs (organic Rankine cycles) using R245fa, pentane and their mixtures based on the thermoeconomic multi-objective optimization and decision makings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2018-2029.
    10. Bamorovat Abadi, Gholamreza & Kim, Kyung Chun, 2017. "Investigation of organic Rankine cycles with zeotropic mixtures as a working fluid: Advantages and issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1000-1013.
    11. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Karellas, Sotirios, 2017. "Integrated thermoeconomic optimization of standard and regenerative ORC for different heat source types and capacities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 570-598.
    12. Satanphol, K. & Pridasawas, W. & Suphanit, B., 2017. "A study on optimal composition of zeotropic working fluid in an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for low grade heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 326-339.
    13. Lecompte, S. & Huisseune, H. & van den Broek, M. & De Paepe, M., 2015. "Methodical thermodynamic analysis and regression models of organic Rankine cycle architectures for waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 60-76.
    14. Pezzuolo, Alex & Benato, Alberto & Stoppato, Anna & Mirandola, Alberto, 2016. "The ORC-PD: A versatile tool for fluid selection and Organic Rankine Cycle unit design," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 605-620.
    15. Markus Preißinger & Dieter Brüggemann, 2017. "Thermoeconomic Evaluation of Modular Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery over a Broad Range of Heat Source Temperatures and Capacities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-23, February.
    16. Cavazzini, G. & Bari, S. & Pavesi, G. & Ardizzon, G., 2017. "A multi-fluid PSO-based algorithm for the search of the best performance of sub-critical Organic Rankine Cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 42-58.
    17. Patrick Linke & Athanasios I. Papadopoulos & Panos Seferlis, 2015. "Systematic Methods for Working Fluid Selection and the Design, Integration and Control of Organic Rankine Cycles—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-47, May.
    18. Lee, Ung & Mitsos, Alexander, 2017. "Optimal multicomponent working fluid of organic Rankine cycle for exergy transfer from liquefied natural gas regasification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 489-501.
    19. Kajurek, Jakub & Rusowicz, Artur & Grzebielec, Andrzej & Bujalski, Wojciech & Futyma, Kamil & Rudowicz, Zbigniew, 2019. "Selection of refrigerants for a modified organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 1-8.
    20. Francesco Calise & Davide Capuano & Laura Vanoli, 2015. "Dynamic Simulation and Exergo-Economic Optimization of a Hybrid Solar–Geothermal Cogeneration Plant," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-41, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:226-:d:66308. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.