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A Complementary Biodiesel Blend from Soapnut Oil and Free Fatty Acids

Author

Listed:
  • Yi-Hung Chen

    (Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan)

  • Ting-Cheng Tang

    (Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan)

  • Tsung-Han Chiang

    (Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan)

  • Bo-Yu Huang

    (Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan)

  • Ching-Yuan Chang

    (Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan)

  • Pen-Chi Chiang

    (Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan)

  • Je-Lueng Shie

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan 260, Taiwan)

  • Matthias Franzreb

    (Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe 76344, Germany)

  • Lu-Yen Chen

    (Department of Energy Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360, Taiwan)

Abstract

Blends of biodiesels produced from soapnut oil and high-oleic free fatty acids (FFAs), which are potential non-edible oil feedstocks, were investigated with respect to their fuel properties. The soapnut oil methyl esters (SNME) had satisfactory fuel properties with the exception of its high cold filter plugging point. In contrast, the biodiesel from the FFAs had favorable fuel properties such as a low cold filter plugging point of −6 °C; however, it exhibits poor oxidation stability with an induction period (IP) of 0.2 h. The complementary blend of the SNME and the FFA-based biodiesel at various weight ratios was studied to improve the fuel properties. As a result, the biodiesel blend at a weight ratio of 70:30 can successfully meet all the biodiesel specifications, except the marginal oxidation stability. Furthermore, the effectiveness of N , N ’-di- sec -butyl- p -phenylenediamine at the concentration between 100 and 500 ppm on the improvement in the oxidation stability of the biodiesel blend was examined. The relationship between the IP values associated with the consumption of antioxidants in the biodiesel blends was described by first-order reaction rate kinetics. In addition, the natural logarithm of IP (ln IP) at various concentrations of antioxidant presented a linear relation with the test temperature. The IP at ambient temperature can be predicted based on the extrapolation of the temperature dependence relation.

Suggested Citation

  • Yi-Hung Chen & Ting-Cheng Tang & Tsung-Han Chiang & Bo-Yu Huang & Ching-Yuan Chang & Pen-Chi Chiang & Je-Lueng Shie & Matthias Franzreb & Lu-Yen Chen, 2012. "A Complementary Biodiesel Blend from Soapnut Oil and Free Fatty Acids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(8), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:5:y:2012:i:8:p:3137-3148:d:19539
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chen, Yi-Hung & Chen, Jhih-Hong & Luo, Yu-Min & Shang, Neng-Chou & Chang, Cheng-Hsin & Chang, Ching-Yuan & Chiang, Pen-Chi & Shie, Je-Lueng, 2011. "Property modification of jatropha oil biodiesel by blending with other biodiesels or adding antioxidants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4415-4421.
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    1. Girardi, Julio Cezar & Bariccatti, Reinaldo Aparecido & Savada, Felipe Yassuo & Borsato, Dionísio & Melegari de Souza, Samuel Nelson & Amaral, Camila Zeni & Prior, Maritane, 2020. "Response surface methodology for the optimization of oxidative stability through the use of natural additives," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 346-355.
    2. Teuku Meurah Indra Riayatsyah & Hwai Chyuan Ong & Wen Tong Chong & Lisa Aditya & Heri Hermansyah & Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia, 2017. "Life Cycle Cost and Sensitivity Analysis of Reutealis trisperma as Non-Edible Feedstock for Future Biodiesel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-21, June.

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