IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v18y2025i5p1298-d1606666.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains

Author

Listed:
  • Miao Yuan

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Huawei Jiang

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Xiangli Zuo

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Cuiping Wang

    (College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China)

  • Yanhui Li

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Hairui Yang

    (Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

Abstract

Iron-based oxygen carriers (OCs) have received much attention due to their low costs, high mechanical strengths and high-temperature stabilities in the chemical looping gasification (CLG) of biomass, but their chemical reactivity is very ordinary. Converter steel slags (CSSs) are steelmaking wastes and rich in Fe 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO, which have good oxidative ability and good stability as well as catalytic effects on biomass gasification. Therefore, the composite OCs prepared by mechanically mixing CSSs with iron-based OCs are expected to be used to increase the hydrogen production in the CLG of biomass. In this study, the catalytic performance of CSS/Fe 2 O 3 composite OCs prepared by mechanically mixing CSSs with iron-based OCs on the gasification of brewers’ spent grains (BSGs) were investigated in a tubular furnace experimental apparatus. The results showed that when the weight ratio of the CSSs in composite OCs was 0.5, the relative volume fraction of hydrogen reached the maximum value of 49.1%, the product gas yield was 0.85 Nm 3 /kg and the gasification efficiency was 64.05%. It could be found by X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscope characterizations that the addition of CSSs helped to form MgFe 2 O 4 , which are efficient catalysts for H 2 production. Owing to the large and widely distributed surface pores of CSSs, mixing them with iron-based OCs was beneficial for catalytic steam reforming to produce hydrogen.

Suggested Citation

  • Miao Yuan & Huawei Jiang & Xiangli Zuo & Cuiping Wang & Yanhui Li & Hairui Yang, 2025. "Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:5:p:1298-:d:1606666
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1298/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1298/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mayer, Florian & Bidwe, Ajay R. & Schopf, Alexander & Taheri, Kamran & Zieba, Mariusz & Scheffknecht, Günter, 2014. "Comparison of a new micaceous iron oxide and ilmenite as oxygen carrier for Chemical looping combustion with respect to syngas conversion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1863-1868.
    2. Sérgio Ferreira & Eliseu Monteiro & Luís Calado & Valter Silva & Paulo Brito & Cândida Vilarinho, 2019. "Experimental and Modeling Analysis of Brewers´ Spent Grains Gasification in a Downdraft Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-18, November.
    3. Wang, Lulu & Feng, Xuan & Shen, Laihong & Jiang, Shouxi & Gu, Haiming, 2019. "Carbon and sulfur conversion of petroleum coke in the chemical looping gasification process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1205-1216.
    4. Luo, Ming & Yi, Yang & Wang, Shuzhong & Wang, Zhuliang & Du, Min & Pan, Jianfeng & Wang, Qian, 2018. "Review of hydrogen production using chemical-looping technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 3186-3214.
    5. Zhang, Zhiyuan & Wang, Xutao & Zhang, Lilin & Zhou, Hengtao & Ju, Rui & Rao, Peijun & Guo, Xiaoyu & Han, Yaqian & Chen, Hongwei, 2022. "Characteristics of steel slag as an oxygen carrier for chemical looping gasification of sewage sludge," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    6. Pan, Qinghuan & Ma, Liping & Du, Wang & Yang, Jie & Ao, Ran & Yin, Xia & Qing, Sancheng, 2022. "Hydrogen-enriched syngas production by lignite chemical looping gasification with composite oxygen carriers of phosphogypsum and steel slag," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    7. Huang, Zhen & He, Fang & Zhu, Huangqing & Chen, Dezhen & Zhao, Kun & Wei, Guoqiang & Feng, Yipeng & Zheng, Anqing & Zhao, Zengli & Li, Haibin, 2015. "Thermodynamic analysis and thermogravimetric investigation on chemical looping gasification of biomass char under different atmospheres with Fe2O3 oxygen carrier," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 546-553.
    8. Paul Dieringer & Falko Marx & Jochen Ströhle & Bernd Epple, 2023. "System Hydrodynamics of a 1 MW th Dual Circulating Fluidized Bed Chemical Looping Gasifier," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-46, July.
    9. Liu, Guicai & Liao, Yanfen & Wu, Yuting & Ma, Xiaoqian, 2018. "Synthesis gas production from microalgae gasification in the presence of Fe2O3 oxygen carrier and CaO additive," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 955-965.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Gang & Lv, Xuewei & Ding, Chengyi & Zhou, Xuangeng & Zhong, Dapeng & Qiu, Guibao, 2020. "Non-isothermal carbothermic reduction kinetics of calcium ferrite and hematite as oxygen carriers for chemical looping gasification applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    2. Song, Weiming & Zhou, Jianan & Li, Yujie & Yang, Jian & Cheng, Rijin, 2021. "New technology for producing high-quality combustible gas by high-temperature reaction of dust-removal coke powder in mixed atmosphere," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    3. Ren, Yi & Wang, Zhiyong & Chen, Jianbiao & Gao, Haojie & Guo, Kai & Wang, Xu & Wang, Xiaoyuan & Wang, Yinfeng & Chen, Haijun & Zhu, Jinjiao & Zhu, Yuezhao, 2023. "Effect of water/acetic acid washing pretreatment on biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG) using cost-effective oxygen carrier from iron-rich sludge ash," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    4. Ji, Jinqing & Shen, Laihong, 2024. "Rational design of enhanced oxygen deficiency-enriched NiFe2O4 embedded in silica matrix as oxygen carriers for high-quality syngas production via biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    5. Du, Wang & Ma, Liping & Pan, Qinghuan & Dai, Quxiu & Zhang, Mi & Yin, Xia & Xiong, Xiong & Zhang, Wei, 2023. "Full-loop CFD simulation of lignite Chemical Looping Gasification with phosphogypsum as oxygen carrier using a circulating fluidized bed," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    6. Nguyen, Nhut M. & Alobaid, Falah & Epple, Bernd, 2021. "Chemical looping gasification of torrefied woodchips in a bubbling fluidized bed test rig using iron-based oxygen carriers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 34-45.
    7. Yang, Jie & Han, Changye & Liu, Yuchen & Yan, Xiang & Dong, Shenlin & Ma, Liping & Dai, Quxiu & Huang, Bing & Sun, Mingyi & Yin, Xia & Xie, Longgui & Du, Wang, 2024. "CO2 capture by the slag from lignite's chemical looping gasification using carbide slag," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    8. Andrea Di Giuliano & Stefania Lucantonio & Katia Gallucci, 2021. "Devolatilization of Residual Biomasses for Chemical Looping Gasification in Fluidized Beds Made Up of Oxygen-Carriers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-16, January.
    9. Rajabi, Mahsa & Mehrpooya, Mehdi & Haibo, Zhao & Huang, Zhen, 2019. "Chemical looping technology in CHP (combined heat and power) and CCHP (combined cooling heating and power) systems: A critical review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    10. Wang, Xun & Fu, Genshen & Xiao, Bo & Xu, Tingting, 2022. "Optimization of nickel-iron bimetallic oxides for coproduction of hydrogen and syngas in chemical looping reforming with water splitting process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    11. Calin-Cristian Cormos, 2018. "Techno-Economic Evaluations of Copper-Based Chemical Looping Air Separation System for Oxy-Combustion and Gasification Power Plants with Carbon Capture," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, November.
    12. Hafizi, A. & Rahimpour, M.R. & Hassanajili, Sh., 2016. "Hydrogen production via chemical looping steam methane reforming process: Effect of cerium and calcium promoters on the performance of Fe2O3/Al2O3 oxygen carrier," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 685-694.
    13. Yin, Fan & Sun, Liyan & Zeng, Dewang & Gao, Zixiang & Xiao, Rui, 2024. "Investigations on oxygen carriers derived from natural ores or industrial solid wastes for chemical looping hydrogen generation using biomass pyrolysis gas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    14. Prabu, V., 2015. "Integration of in-situ CO2-oxy coal gasification with advanced power generating systems performing in a chemical looping approach of clean combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 1-13.
    15. TsingHai Wang & Cheng-Di Dong & Jui-Yen Lin & Chiu-Wen Chen & Jo-Shu Chang & Hyunook Kim & Chin-Pao Huang & Chang-Mao Hung, 2021. "Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Conversion: A Circular Bioeconomy Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-31, June.
    16. Gabriele Calì & Paolo Deiana & Claudia Bassano & Simone Meloni & Enrico Maggio & Michele Mascia & Alberto Pettinau, 2020. "Syngas Production, Clean-Up and Wastewater Management in a Demo-Scale Fixed-Bed Updraft Biomass Gasification Unit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, May.
    17. Chein, Rei-Yu & Hsu, Wen-Huai, 2019. "Thermodynamic analysis of syngas production via chemical looping dry reforming of methane," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 535-547.
    18. Xiang, Dong & Jin, Tong & Lei, Xinru & Liu, Shuai & Jiang, Yong & Dong, Zhongbing & Tao, Quanbao & Cao, Yan, 2018. "The high efficient synthesis of natural gas from a joint-feedstock of coke-oven gas and pulverized coke via a chemical looping combustion scheme," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 944-954.
    19. Lu, Chunqiang & Li, Kongzhai & Zhu, Xing & Wei, Yonggang & Li, Lei & Zheng, Min & Fan, Bingbing & He, Fang & Wang, Hua, 2020. "Improved activity of magnetite oxygen carrier for chemical looping steam reforming by ultrasonic treatment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    20. Huang, Jijiang & Liu, Wen & Hu, Wenting & Metcalfe, Ian & Yang, Yanhui & Liu, Bin, 2019. "Phase interactions in Ni-Cu-Al2O3 mixed oxide oxygen carriers for chemical looping applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 635-647.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:5:p:1298-:d:1606666. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.