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The Feasibility of Heat Extraction Using CO 2 in the Carbonate Reservoir in Shandong Province, China

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  • Xiao Liu

    (Shandong Provincial Lunan Geo-Engineering Exploration Institute (Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources No. 2 Geological Brigade), Jining 272100, China
    Shandong Engineering Research Center of Geothermal Energy Exploration and Development, Jining 272100, China)

  • Feng Zhang

    (Shandong Provincial Lunan Geo-Engineering Exploration Institute (Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources No. 2 Geological Brigade), Jining 272100, China
    Shandong Engineering Research Center of Geothermal Energy Exploration and Development, Jining 272100, China)

  • Shuailiang Song

    (Shandong Provincial Lunan Geo-Engineering Exploration Institute (Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources No. 2 Geological Brigade), Jining 272100, China
    Shandong Engineering Research Center of Geothermal Energy Exploration and Development, Jining 272100, China)

  • Xianfeng Tan

    (Shandong Provincial Lunan Geo-Engineering Exploration Institute (Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources No. 2 Geological Brigade), Jining 272100, China
    Shandong Engineering Research Center of Geothermal Energy Exploration and Development, Jining 272100, China)

  • Guanhong Feng

    (Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China)

Abstract

CO 2 is being considered as an effective alternative working fluid for geothermal applications due to its superior fluid dynamics and heat transfer properties compared to water. Utilizing sedimentary rocks for geothermal energy recovery through a CO 2 -plume geothermal system, especially in carbonate reservoirs, has been shown to be a practical approach that eliminates the need for hydraulic fracturing. However, uncertainties remain regarding the thermal and hydraulic behavior, particularly the chemical interactions between CO 2 and carbonate rocks. This study develops a comprehensive wellbore–reservoir coupling reactive transport model based on specific information obtained from the Ordovician limestone geothermal reservoir in Shandong, China. The model aims to assess the feasibility of heat extraction in carbonate reservoirs by evaluating the heat extraction performance and fluid–rock interaction. The results indicate a rapid temperature drop after CO 2 breakthrough due to the Joule–Thomson effect. Simultaneously, the fluid transitions into and maintains a two-phase state throughout the operation. Chemical reactions within the reservoir are not aggressive since complete mixing between unsaturated water and CO 2 only occurs in the vicinity of the production well, highlighting the potential of utilizing carbonate reservoirs for efficient heat extraction in geothermal systems. Further research is needed to optimize the performance of CO 2 -based geothermal systems in carbonate reservoirs.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiao Liu & Feng Zhang & Shuailiang Song & Xianfeng Tan & Guanhong Feng, 2024. "The Feasibility of Heat Extraction Using CO 2 in the Carbonate Reservoir in Shandong Province, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:12:p:2910-:d:1414031
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cui, Guodong & Ren, Shaoran & Rui, Zhenhua & Ezekiel, Justin & Zhang, Liang & Wang, Hongsheng, 2018. "The influence of complicated fluid-rock interactions on the geothermal exploitation in the CO2 plume geothermal system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 49-63.
    2. Luo, Feng & Xu, Rui-Na & Jiang, Pei-Xue, 2014. "Numerical investigation of fluid flow and heat transfer in a doublet enhanced geothermal system with CO2 as the working fluid (CO2–EGS)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 307-322.
    3. Cui, Guodong & Zhang, Liang & Ren, Bo & Enechukwu, Chioma & Liu, Yanmin & Ren, Shaoran, 2016. "Geothermal exploitation from depleted high temperature gas reservoirs via recycling supercritical CO2: Heat mining rate and salt precipitation effects," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 837-852.
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