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A Transient Analysis of Latent Thermal Energy Storage Using Phase Change Materials in a Refrigerated Truck

Author

Listed:
  • Luca Cirillo

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

  • Adriana Greco

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

  • Claudia Masselli

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

Abstract

The preservation of perishable food items within the cold chain is a critical aspect of modern food logistics. Traditional refrigeration systems consume large amounts of energy, without an optimal temperature distribution, leading to potential food spoilage and economic losses. In recent years, the integration of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) into cold chain systems has emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the utilization of PCMs for food preservation in a refrigerated truck, focusing on the impact on temperature control, phase change fraction, costs, and energy savings. The effectiveness of PCM-based refrigeration system to maintain the refrigerated truck at a temperature of −18 °C under various scenarios and environmental conditions using a transient model was evaluated. The TRNSYS model includes a representation of a conventional refrigerated van’s system, with simulations conducted in a Mediterranean climate (Naples). The model’s core components consist of Type 56 for cooling load estimation and Type 1270a for the new PCM component. Results indicate that for guaranteeing −18 °C for 10 h, 96.4 kg and 102.2 kg of E-26 and E-29 PCM are needed, respectively, for scenarios with 10 door openings during transportation and for two different velocities of the truck: 30 and 80 km h −1 . Results indicate that the incorporation of PCMs in the refrigerated van leads to significant improvements in temperature stability and uniformity, thereby extending the shelf life of perishable food products and reducing the risk of spoilage. Furthermore, the analysis shows that, using the PCMs, a significant reduction of the energy costs can be obtained (up to a maximum of around 79%).

Suggested Citation

  • Luca Cirillo & Adriana Greco & Claudia Masselli, 2024. "A Transient Analysis of Latent Thermal Energy Storage Using Phase Change Materials in a Refrigerated Truck," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:11:p:2665-:d:1405731
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liu, Ming & Saman, Wasim & Bruno, Frank, 2014. "Computer simulation with TRNSYS for a mobile refrigeration system incorporating a phase change thermal storage unit," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 226-235.
    2. Liu, Ming & Saman, Wasim & Bruno, Frank, 2012. "Development of a novel refrigeration system for refrigerated trucks incorporating phase change material," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 336-342.
    3. Antonella Meneghetti & Luca Monti, 2015. "Greening the food supply chain: an optimisation model for sustainable design of refrigerated automated warehouses," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(21), pages 6567-6587, November.
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