IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i6p2884-d1102829.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Influence of Pre-Chamber Volume, Orifice Diameter and Orifice Number on Performance of Pre-Chamber SI Engine—An Experimental and Numerical Study

Author

Listed:
  • Rudolf Tomić

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Momir Sjerić

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Josip Krajnović

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Sara Ugrinić

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

This paper presented an experimental and numerical study of pre-chamber volume, number of orifices and orifice diameter influence on engine performance and emissions. All the measurements were performed on a single cylinder test engine at fixed engine speed of 1600 rpm, while engine load was varied by a change of the excess air ratio in the main chamber from a stochiometric mixture to a lean limit. The total of nine pre-chamber variants comprised three different pre-chamber volumes, two orifice number combinations (six and four orifices) and nine different orifice diameters. It was observed that the pre-chamber volume affects the indicated efficiency in a trend which is mostly independent of excess air ratio, with the efficiency gain between the best and worst results ranging from 1 to 4.4%. While keeping the same pre-chamber volume and the total cross-sectional area of the orifices, the larger number of orifices show better performance on two out of three investigated pre-chamber volumes, with the efficiency gains more pronounced at higher excess air ratios. Finally, on a fixed pre-chamber volume and number of orifices, the variation of orifice diameter leads to a trend in efficiency gains which favor larger orifice diameter. The comparison of the obtained efficiencies between all pre-chamber variants identified two pre-chambers, differing in each of the varied geometrical parameters, that show the best performance depending on excess air ratio range. On the other hand, a single variant which showed the worst performance on each excess ratio was identified. An additional investigation was performed by the application of the cycle-simulation model to quantify the share of emissions which are formed in the pre-chamber. The presented results showed that when PC volume is lowered, PC emission shares of NO X and CO grow larger. The influence of orifice number and size has a minor effect on the pre-chamber emissions shares. The maximum PC emission shares of 54.8% and 80.6% are achieved at lean limit (λ = 2.2) for NO X and CO, respectively. THC emission share, on the other hand, is not affected in a significant manner by either the pre-chamber geometry or operating conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Rudolf Tomić & Momir Sjerić & Josip Krajnović & Sara Ugrinić, 2023. "Influence of Pre-Chamber Volume, Orifice Diameter and Orifice Number on Performance of Pre-Chamber SI Engine—An Experimental and Numerical Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-19, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2884-:d:1102829
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/6/2884/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/6/2884/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jiaying Pan & Yu He & Tao Li & Haiqiao Wei & Lei Wang & Gequn Shu, 2021. "Effect of Temperature Conditions on Flame Evolutions of Turbulent Jet Ignition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Viktor Dilber & Momir Sjerić & Rudolf Tomić & Josip Krajnović & Sara Ugrinić & Darko Kozarac, 2022. "Optimization of Pre-Chamber Geometry and Operating Parameters in a Turbulent Jet Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, June.
    3. Onofrio, Gessica & Napolitano, Pierpaolo & Tunestål, Per & Beatrice, Carlo, 2021. "Combustion sensitivity to the nozzle hole size in an active pre-chamber ultra-lean heavy-duty natural gas engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Viktor Dilber & Momir Sjerić & Rudolf Tomić & Josip Krajnović & Sara Ugrinić & Darko Kozarac, 2022. "Optimization of Pre-Chamber Geometry and Operating Parameters in a Turbulent Jet Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Novella, R. & Gomez-Soriano, J. & Barbery, I. & Martinez-Hernandiz, P.J., 2024. "Exploring the passive the pre-chamber ignition concept for spark-ignition engines fueled with natural gas under EGR-diluted conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    3. Monica Costea & Michel Feidt, 2022. "A Review Regarding Combined Heat and Power Production and Extensions: Thermodynamic Modelling and Environmental Impact," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-25, November.
    4. Wang, Bin & Xie, Fangxi & Hong, Wei & Du, Jiakun & Chen, Hong & Li, Xiaoping, 2023. "Extending ultra-lean burn performance of high compression ratio pre-chamber jet ignition engines based on injection strategy and optimized structure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    5. Lina Xu & Gang Li & Mingfa Yao & Zunqing Zheng & Hu Wang, 2022. "Numerical Investigation on the Jet Characteristics and Combustion Process of an Active Prechamber Combustion System Fueled with Natural Gas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-16, July.
    6. Hu, Junnan & Pei, Yiqiang & An, Yanzhao & Zhao, Deyang & Zhang, Zhiyong & Sun, Jian & Gao, Dingwei, 2023. "Study of active pre-chamber jet flames based on the synergy of airflow with different nozzle swirl angle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    7. Ireneusz Pielecha & Filip Szwajca, 2023. "Two- and Three-Stage Natural Gas Combustion System—Experimental Comparative Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-15, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2884-:d:1102829. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.