IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i3p1513-d1056622.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Economic Viability and Engine Performance Evaluation of Biodiesel Derived from Desert Palm Date Seeds

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammed Kamil

    (Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates)

  • Fatima M. Almarashda

    (Abu Dhabi National Energy Company (TAQA), Abu Dhabi Distribution Company (ADDC), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 219, United Arab Emirates)

Abstract

Desert palm date seeds are a potential feedstock for biodiesel and biomass pellet production, particularly in the Middle East and Africa. A model was developed in this study based on optimal conditions for the production of biodiesel, and it was used to evaluate the financial viability of a small-scale biodiesel plant (1000 t/y) using economic performance metrics including net present value, rate of investment, and payback period. Biodiesel was then produced from date seed oil (DSO) and blended with petrol diesel to make four blends (B5, B10, B15, and B20). The technical performance of these blends was investigated using a test engine rig under differing operating conditions, including variations in load and rpm. The investment performance of the proposed biodiesel plant was very sensitive to the price of biomass pellets; the project was feasible only when this was 70% that of wood pellets or higher. The baseline diesel outperformed the biodiesel blends in terms of engine power, thermal efficiency, and fuel economy, with average decreases of 4.5%, 7.65%, and 9.84%, respectively, at full load for B20. However, the biodiesel blends outperformed the baseline diesel in exhaust gas temperature (EGT), with average drops of 29 and 46.7 °C at full load for B5 and B20, respectively. Our study clearly demonstrates that due to it being obtained from existing waste materials, having a cleaner but comparable performance, and its economic viability, date seed oil has excellent potential as a feedstock for biodiesel production.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammed Kamil & Fatima M. Almarashda, 2023. "Economic Viability and Engine Performance Evaluation of Biodiesel Derived from Desert Palm Date Seeds," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-22, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:1513-:d:1056622
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/3/1513/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/3/1513/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hazar, Hanbey, 2009. "Effects of biodiesel on a low heat loss diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 1533-1537.
    2. Utlu, Zafer & Koçak, Mevlüt Süreyya, 2008. "The effect of biodiesel fuel obtained from waste frying oil on direct injection diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(8), pages 1936-1941.
    3. Ghobadian, B. & Rahimi, H. & Nikbakht, A.M. & Najafi, G. & Yusaf, T.F., 2009. "Diesel engine performance and exhaust emission analysis using waste cooking biodiesel fuel with an artificial neural network," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 976-982.
    4. Saddam H. Al-lwayzy & Talal Yusaf, 2013. "Chlorella protothecoides Microalgae as an Alternative Fuel for Tractor Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-18, February.
    5. Rosha, Pali & Mohapatra, Saroj Kumar & Mahla, Sunil Kumar & Cho, HaengMuk & Chauhan, Bhupendra Singh & Dhir, Amit, 2019. "Effect of compression ratio on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of compression ignition engine fueled with palm (B20) biodiesel blend," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 676-684.
    6. Haşimoğlu, Can & Ciniviz, Murat & Özsert, İbrahim & İçingür, Yakup & Parlak, Adnan & Sahir Salman, M., 2008. "Performance characteristics of a low heat rejection diesel engine operating with biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(7), pages 1709-1715.
    7. Ramadhas, A.S. & Muraleedharan, C. & Jayaraj, S., 2005. "Performance and emission evaluation of a diesel engine fueled with methyl esters of rubber seed oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(12), pages 1789-1800.
    8. Aydin, Hüseyin & Bayindir, Hasan, 2010. "Performance and emission analysis of cottonseed oil methyl ester in a diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 588-592.
    9. Pal, Amit & Verma, Ashish & Kachhwaha, S.S. & Maji, S., 2010. "Biodiesel production through hydrodynamic cavitation and performance testing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 619-624.
    10. Qi, D.H. & Geng, L.M. & Chen, H. & Bian, Y.ZH. & Liu, J. & Ren, X.CH., 2009. "Combustion and performance evaluation of a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel produced from soybean crude oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2706-2713.
    11. Asokan, M.A. & Senthur Prabu, S. & Bade, Pushpa Kiran Kumar & Nekkanti, Venkata Mukesh & Gutta, Sri Sai Gopal, 2019. "Performance, combustion and emission characteristics of juliflora biodiesel fuelled DI diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 883-892.
    12. Aboelazayem, Omar & Gadalla, Mamdouh & Saha, Basudeb, 2018. "Valorisation of high acid value waste cooking oil into biodiesel using supercritical methanolysis: Experimental assessment and statistical optimisation on typical Egyptian feedstock," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 408-420.
    13. Öner, Cengiz & Altun, Sehmus, 2009. "Biodiesel production from inedible animal tallow and an experimental investigation of its use as alternative fuel in a direct injection diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(10), pages 2114-2120, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ramozon Khujamberdiev & Haeng Muk Cho & Md. Iqbal Mahmud, 2023. "Experimental Investigation of Single-Cylinder Engine Performance Using Biodiesel Made from Waste Swine Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-15, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xue, Jinlin & Grift, Tony E. & Hansen, Alan C., 2011. "Effect of biodiesel on engine performances and emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 1098-1116, February.
    2. Sadeghinezhad, E. & Kazi, S.N. & Sadeghinejad, Foad & Badarudin, A. & Mehrali, Mohammad & Sadri, Rad & Reza Safaei, Mohammad, 2014. "A comprehensive literature review of bio-fuel performance in internal combustion engine and relevant costs involvement," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 29-44.
    3. Sadeghinezhad, E. & Kazi, S.N. & Badarudin, A. & Oon, C.S. & Zubir, M.N.M. & Mehrali, Mohammad, 2013. "A comprehensive review of bio-diesel as alternative fuel for compression ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 410-424.
    4. Kamil, Mohammed & Ramadan, Khalid M. & Olabi, Abdul Ghani & Al-Ali, Eman I. & Ma, Xiao & Awad, Omar I., 2020. "Economic, technical, and environmental viability of biodiesel blends derived from coffee waste," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1880-1894.
    5. Mohammed I. Jahirul & Richard J. Brown & Wijitha Senadeera & Ian M. O'Hara & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2013. "The Use of Artificial Neural Networks for Identifying Sustainable Biodiesel Feedstocks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-43, July.
    6. Kumar, Niraj & Varun, & Chauhan, Sant Ram, 2013. "Performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel from different origins: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 633-658.
    7. Subramaniam, D. & Murugesan, A. & Avinash, A. & Kumaravel, A., 2013. "Bio-diesel production and its engine characteristics—An expatiate view," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 361-370.
    8. Altarazi, Yazan S.M. & Abu Talib, Abd Rahim & Yu, Jianglong & Gires, Ezanee & Abdul Ghafir, Mohd Fahmi & Lucas, John & Yusaf, Talal, 2022. "Effects of biofuel on engines performance and emission characteristics: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    9. Amin Nedayali & Alireza Shirneshan, 2016. "Experimental Study of the Effects of Biodiesel on the Performance of a Diesel Power Generator," Energy & Environment, , vol. 27(5), pages 553-565, August.
    10. Tesfa, B. & Mishra, R. & Zhang, C. & Gu, F. & Ball, A.D., 2013. "Combustion and performance characteristics of CI (compression ignition) engine running with biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 101-115.
    11. Wan Ghazali, Wan Nor Maawa & Mamat, Rizalman & Masjuki, H.H. & Najafi, Gholamhassan, 2015. "Effects of biodiesel from different feedstocks on engine performance and emissions: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 585-602.
    12. Mofijur, M. & Atabani, A.E. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Masum, B.M., 2013. "A study on the effects of promising edible and non-edible biodiesel feedstocks on engine performance and emissions production: A comparative evaluation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 391-404.
    13. Hosseini, Seyed Ehsan & Wahid, Mazlan Abdul, 2012. "Necessity of biodiesel utilization as a source of renewable energy in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5732-5740.
    14. Datta, Ambarish & Mandal, Bijan Kumar, 2016. "A comprehensive review of biodiesel as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 799-821.
    15. Islam, Muhammad Aminul & Heimann, Kirsten & Brown, Richard J., 2017. "Microalgae biodiesel: Current status and future needs for engine performance and emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1160-1170.
    16. E, Jiaqiang & Pham, Minhhieu & Zhao, D. & Deng, Yuanwang & Le, DucHieu & Zuo, Wei & Zhu, Hao & Liu, Teng & Peng, Qingguo & Zhang, Zhiqing, 2017. "Effect of different technologies on combustion and emissions of the diesel engine fueled with biodiesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 620-647.
    17. Shahir, V.K. & Jawahar, C.P. & Suresh, P.R., 2015. "Comparative study of diesel and biodiesel on CI engine with emphasis to emissions—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 686-697.
    18. Gharehghani, Ayatallah & Mirsalim, Mostafa & Hosseini, Reza, 2017. "Effects of waste fish oil biodiesel on diesel engine combustion characteristics and emission," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 930-936.
    19. Arbab, M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Varman, M. & Kalam, M.A. & Imtenan, S. & Sajjad, H., 2013. "Fuel properties, engine performance and emission characteristic of common biodiesels as a renewable and sustainable source of fuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 133-147.
    20. Varun, & Singh, Paramvir & Tiwari, Samaresh Kumar & Singh, Rituparn & Kumar, Naresh, 2017. "Modification in combustion chamber geometry of CI engines for suitability of biodiesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1016-1033.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:1513-:d:1056622. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.