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Addressing Challenges in Delivering Sustainable Rural Water Provision Using Solar Water Pumping in Malawi: A Stakeholder Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Esther Phiri

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malawi, Polytechnic, P/Bag 303, Blantyre P.O. Box 280, Malawi
    Died September 2022.)

  • Paul N. Rowley

    (Centre for Renewable Energy Systems Technology, Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK)

  • Richard E. Blanchard

    (Centre for Renewable Energy Systems Technology, Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK)

Abstract

Despite the presence of relatively high insolation, solar photovoltaic water pumping (SWP) is rarely used for water provision in Malawi. Current methods of water abstraction are labour-intensive and have low discharge rates. A stakeholder analysis was carried out to evaluate the role, responsibilities, and challenges faced by individuals, communities, and organisations involved in developing SWP systems. Analysis of data collected via semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from government departments, public and private organisations, entrepreneurs, non-governmental organisations, and microfinance organisations shows that the national government should provide an enabling environment for other actors to deliver SWP projects. Further, this study reveals diverse interlinked challenges in delivering sustainable water and energy services related to policies, monitoring, coordination, financing, human resources, information and awareness, stakeholder malfeasance, political interference, and flawed community management. The impacts of these challenges result in inadequate water service provision resulting from access inequality, non-functionality, substandard installations, reliance on donations, substandard renewable energy products, and slow technology uptake. The results of this study imply that, given appropriate finance and management frameworks, effective coordination, enforcement of product and installation standards, and awareness and sensitisation of communities to SWP, significantly improved access to drinking and irrigation water for the rural population of Malawi and other countries in sub-Saharan Africa can be achieved.

Suggested Citation

  • Esther Phiri & Paul N. Rowley & Richard E. Blanchard, 2023. "Addressing Challenges in Delivering Sustainable Rural Water Provision Using Solar Water Pumping in Malawi: A Stakeholder Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:23:p:7758-:d:1287151
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bouzidi, B., 2011. "Viability of solar or wind for water pumping systems in the Algerian Sahara regions – case study Adrar," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4436-4442.
    2. Mohammad Dehghani Madvar & Mohammad Alhuyi Nazari & Jamal Tabe Arjmand & Alireza Aslani & Roghayeh Ghasempour & Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, 2018. "Analysis of stakeholder roles and the challenges of solar energy utilization in Iran," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Oxford University Press, vol. 13(4), pages 438-451.
    3. Dutta, Aaina & Das, Sukanya, 2020. "Adoption of grid-connected solar rooftop systems in the state of Jammu and Kashmir: A stakeholder analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    4. Kayaga, Sam & Calvert, John & Sansom, Kevin, 2003. "Paying for water services: effects of household characteristics," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 123-132, September.
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