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Robust MPPT Control of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems via Adaptive Self-Adjusting Fractional Order PID Controller

Author

Listed:
  • Omer Saleem

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore 54770, Pakistan)

  • Shehryaar Ali

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Jamshed Iqbal

    (School of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK)

Abstract

The Photovoltaic (PV) system is an eco-friendly renewable energy system that is integrated with a DC-DC buck-boost converter to generate electrical energy as per the variations in solar irradiance and outdoor temperature. This article proposes a novel Adaptive Fractional Order PID (A-FOPID) compensator with self-adjusting fractional orders to extract maximum power from a stand-alone PV system as ambient conditions change. The reference voltage is generated using a feed-forward neural network. The conventional FOPID compensator, which operates on the output voltage error of the interleaved buck-boost converter, is employed as the baseline maximum-power-point-tracking (MPPT) controller. The baseline controller is retrofitted with an online state-error-driven adaptation law that dynamically modifies the fractional orders of the controller’s integral and differential operators. The adaptation law is formulated as a nonlinear hyperbolic scaling function of the system’s state error and error-derivative variables. This augmentation supplements the controller’s adaptability, enabling it to manipulate flexibly the tightness of the applied control effort as the operating conditions change. The efficacy of the proposed control law is analyzed by carrying out customized simulations in the MATLAB Simulink environment. The simulation results show that the proposed MPPT control scheme yields a mean improvement of 25.4% in tracking accuracy and 11.3% in transient response speed under varying environmental conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Omer Saleem & Shehryaar Ali & Jamshed Iqbal, 2023. "Robust MPPT Control of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems via Adaptive Self-Adjusting Fractional Order PID Controller," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-20, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:13:p:5039-:d:1182503
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mohamed A Mohamed & Ali M Eltamaly & Abdulrahman I Alolah, 2016. "PSO-Based Smart Grid Application for Sizing and Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(8), pages 1-22, August.
    2. Kamran Ali & Laiq Khan & Qudrat Khan & Shafaat Ullah & Saghir Ahmad & Sidra Mumtaz & Fazal Wahab Karam & Naghmash, 2019. "Robust Integral Backstepping Based Nonlinear MPPT Control for a PV System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Omer Saleem & Faisal Abbas & Jamshed Iqbal, 2023. "Complex Fractional-Order LQIR for Inverted-Pendulum-Type Robotic Mechanisms: Design and Experimental Validation," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-21, February.
    4. Adeel Feroz Mirza & Majad Mansoor & Qiang Ling & Muhammad Imran Khan & Omar M. Aldossary, 2020. "Advanced Variable Step Size Incremental Conductance MPPT for a Standalone PV System Utilizing a GA-Tuned PID Controller," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-25, August.
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