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Influence of Chemical Composition on Heating Value of Biomass: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis

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  • Bruno Esteves

    (Department of Wood Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Av. Cor. José Maria Vale de Andrade, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal
    Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society-CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Av. Cor. José Maria Vale de Andrade, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal)

  • Umut Sen

    (Forest Research Centre (CEF), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Helena Pereira

    (Forest Research Centre (CEF), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal)

Abstract

Biomass has become an increasingly important resource for energy generation. The influence of the chemical composition on the heating value of biomass has not been a thoroughly studied subject, as shown by a bibliometric analysis. It is well known that the heating value of lignin is significantly higher (23.26–25.58 MJ/kg) than that of polysaccharides (18.6 MJ/kg), while extractives often have HHVs over 30 MJ/kg, depending on their oxidation levels. Therefore, the proportions of the chemical components in biomass determine its HHV. Softwoods generally have higher HHVs than hardwoods due to their higher contents of lignin and lipophilic resin. Ashes are incombustible, and a high ash content leads to a lower HHV in biomass. Several models have been proposed to correlate the heating values and chemical compounds of biomass, but the most accurate models are based on the lignin from extracted samples, while good correlations between lignin and extractives have also been reported. No good correlations have been obtained with polysaccharide compounds.

Suggested Citation

  • Bruno Esteves & Umut Sen & Helena Pereira, 2023. "Influence of Chemical Composition on Heating Value of Biomass: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:10:p:4226-:d:1151897
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Idalina Domingos & Umit Ayata & José Ferreira & Luisa Cruz-Lopes & Ali Sen & Sirri Sahin & Bruno Esteves, 2020. "Calorific Power Improvement of Wood by Heat Treatment and Its Relation to Chemical Composition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-10, October.
    2. Akdeniz, Fikret & Biçil, Metin & Karadede, Yusuf & Özbek, Füreya Elif & Özdemir, Gültekin, 2018. "Application of real valued genetic algorithm on prediction of higher heating values of various lignocellulosic materials using lignin and extractive contents," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 1047-1054.
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    2. Božidar Matin & Ivan Brandić & Ana Matin & Josip Ištvanić & Alan Antonović, 2024. "Possibilities of Liquefied Spruce ( Picea abies ) and Oak ( Quercus robur ) Biomass as an Environmentally Friendly Additive in Conventional Phenol–Formaldehyde Resin Wood Adhesives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-18, September.
    3. Krzysztof Pilarski & Agnieszka A. Pilarska & Alicja Kolasa-Więcek & Dariusz Suszanowicz, 2023. "An Agricultural Biogas Plant as a Thermodynamic System: A Study of Efficiency in the Transformation from Primary to Secondary Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-15, November.
    4. Hilal Unyay & Piotr Piersa & Magdalena Zabochnicka & Zdzisława Romanowska-Duda & Piotr Kuryło & Ksawery Kuligowski & Paweł Kazimierski & Taras Hutsol & Arkadiusz Dyjakon & Edyta Wrzesińska-Jędrusiak &, 2023. "Torrefaction of Willow in Batch Reactor and Co-Firing of Torrefied Willow with Coal," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-23, December.
    5. Jannisa Kasawapat & Attaso Khamwichit & Wipawee Dechapanya, 2024. "Waste-to-Energy Conversion of Rubberwood Residues for Enhanced Biomass Fuels: Process Optimization and Eco-Efficiency Evaluation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-30, October.
    6. Łukasz Sobol & Dominika Sabat & Arkadiusz Dyjakon, 2023. "Assessment of Bark Properties from Various Tree Species in Terms of Its Hydrophobicity and Energy Suitability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-21, September.
    7. Agata Borowik & Jadwiga Wyszkowska & Magdalena Zaborowska & Jan Kucharski, 2024. "Soil Enzyme Response and Calorific Value of Zea mays Used for the Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated with Diesel Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-21, May.
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