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Analytical Modeling and Control of Dual Active Bridge Converter Considering All Phase-Shifts

Author

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  • Muhammad Faisal Fiaz

    (Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy)

  • Sandro Calligaro

    (Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy)

  • Mattia Iurich

    (Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, UD, Italy)

  • Roberto Petrella

    (Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, UD, Italy)

Abstract

In the field of power electronics-based electrical power conversion, the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) topology has become very popular in recent years due to its characteristics (e.g., bidirectional operation and galvanic isolation), which are particularly suitable to applications such as interface to renewable energy sources, battery storage systems and in smart grids. Although this converter type has been extensively investigated, its analysis and control still pose many challenges, due to the multiple control variables that affect the complex behavior of the converter. This paper presents a theoretical model of the single-phase DAB converter. The proposed model is very general, i.e., it can consider any modulation technique and operating condition. In particular, the converter is seen as composed by four legs, each capable of generating voltage on the inductor, and by the two output legs, which can steer the resulting inductor current to the load. Three variables are considered as the control inputs, i.e., the phase-shifts with respect to one leg. This approach results in a very simple yet accurate closed-form algorithm for obtaining the inductor current waveform. Moreover, a novel analytical model is proposed for calculating the average output current, based on the phase-shift values, independently of the output voltage. It is also shown that average output current can be varied cycle-by-cycle, with no further dynamics. In fact, average output current is not affected by the initial value of inductor current or by DC offset (which may arise during transients). The proposed models can be exploited at several stages of development of a DAB: during the design stage, for fast iteration, when selecting its operating points and when designing the control. In fact, based on the analytical results, a novel control loop is proposed, which adopts a “fictitious” (i.e., open-loop) inner current regulation loop, which can be applied to any modulation scheme (e.g., Single Phase-Shift, Triple Phase-Shift, etc.). The main advantage of this control scheme is that the simple dynamics of the output voltage versus the average output current can be decoupled from the complicated relationship between the phase-shifts and the output current. Moreover, a Finite Control Set (FCS) method is proposed, which selects the optimal operating points for each operating condition and control request, ensuring full Zero-Voltage Switching (ZVS) in all cases. The analytical results obtained and control methods proposed are verified through simulations and extensive experimental tests.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Faisal Fiaz & Sandro Calligaro & Mattia Iurich & Roberto Petrella, 2022. "Analytical Modeling and Control of Dual Active Bridge Converter Considering All Phase-Shifts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-32, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:8:p:2720-:d:789002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tan, Kang Miao & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Yong, Jia Ying, 2016. "Integration of electric vehicles in smart grid: A review on vehicle to grid technologies and optimization techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 720-732.
    2. Li-Kun Xue & Ping Wang & Yi-Feng Wang & Tai-Zhou Bei & Hai-Yun Yan, 2015. "A Four-Phase High Voltage Conversion Ratio Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Battery Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-28, June.
    3. Carlos Calderon & Andres Barrado & Alba Rodriguez & Pedro Alou & Antonio Lazaro & Cristina Fernandez & Pablo Zumel, 2018. "General Analysis of Switching Modes in a Dual Active Bridge with Triple Phase Shift Modulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-23, September.
    4. Diego Alejandro Herrera-Jaramillo & Elkin Edilberto Henao-Bravo & Daniel González Montoya & Carlos Andrés Ramos-Paja & Andrés Julián Saavedra-Montes, 2021. "Control-Oriented Model of Photovoltaic Systems Based on a Dual Active Bridge Converter," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-22, July.
    5. Chaochao Song & Alian Chen & Yiwei Pan & Chunshui Du & Chenghui Zhang, 2019. "Modeling and Optimization of Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter with Dead-Time Effect under Triple-Phase-Shift Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-24, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shuhuai Zhang & Xuezhi Wu & Ziqian Zhang & Xuejiang Zhang, 2022. "A Bidirectional DHC-LT Resonant DC-DC Converter with Research on Improved Fundamental Harmonic Analysis Considering Phase Angle of Load Impedance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-23, July.
    2. Xinwen Zhang & Canlong Wang, 2023. "A Backflow Power Suppression Strategy for Dual Active Bridge Converter Based on Improved Lagrange Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-17, July.

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