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Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Transient Response, Robustness, and Stability Enhancement of an Automatic Voltage Regulator System

Author

Listed:
  • Salman Habib

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Ghulam Abbas

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

  • Touqeer A. Jumani

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, SZAB Campus, Khairpur Mirs 66020, Pakistan)

  • Aqeel Ahmed Bhutto

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, SZAB Campus, Khairpur Mirs 66020, Pakistan)

  • Sohrab Mirsaeidi

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Emad M. Ahmed

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81542, Egypt)

Abstract

The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is one of the most robust and simplest configuration controllers used for industrial applications. However, its performance purely depends on the tuning of its proportional (K P ), integral (K I ) and derivative (K D ) gains. Therefore, a proper combination of these gains is primarily required to achieve an optimal performance of the PID controllers. The conventional methods of PID tuning such as Cohen-Coon (CC) and Ziegler–Nichols (ZN) generate unwanted overshoots and long-lasting oscillations in the system. Owing to the mentioned problems, this paper attempts to achieve an optimized combination of PID controller gains by exploiting the intelligence of the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and one of its recently introduced modified versions called improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA) in an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system. The stability of the IWOA-AVR system was studied by assessing its root-locus, bode maps, and pole/zero plots. The performance superiority of the presented IWOA-AVR design over eight of the recently explored AI-based approaches was validated through a comprehensive comparative analysis based on the most important transient response and stability metrics. Finally, to assess the robustness of the optimized AVR system, robustness analysis was conducted by analyzing the system response during the variation in the time constants of the generator, exciter, and amplifier from −50% to 50% range. The results of the study prove the superiority of the proposed IWOA-based AVR system in terms of transient response and stability metrics.

Suggested Citation

  • Salman Habib & Ghulam Abbas & Touqeer A. Jumani & Aqeel Ahmed Bhutto & Sohrab Mirsaeidi & Emad M. Ahmed, 2022. "Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Transient Response, Robustness, and Stability Enhancement of an Automatic Voltage Regulator System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:14:p:5037-:d:859560
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Raja Masood Larik & Mohd Wazir Mustafa & Muhammad Naveed Aman & Touqeer Ahmed Jumani & Suhaib Sajid & Manoj Kumar Panjwani, 2018. "An Improved Algorithm for Optimal Load Shedding in Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Touqeer Ahmed Jumani & Mohd Wazir Mustafa & Nawaf N. Hamadneh & Samer H. Atawneh & Madihah Md. Rasid & Nayyar Hussain Mirjat & Muhammad Akram Bhayo & Ilyas Khan, 2020. "Computational Intelligence-Based Optimization Methods for Power Quality and Dynamic Response Enhancement of ac Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-22, August.
    3. Touqeer Ahmed Jumani & Mohd Wazir Mustafa & Madihah Md Rasid & Nayyar Hussain Mirjat & Zohaib Hussain Leghari & M. Salman Saeed, 2018. "Optimal Voltage and Frequency Control of an Islanded Microgrid Using Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-20, November.
    4. Zhi Wu & Yuxuan Zhuang & Suyang Zhou & Shuning Xu & Peng Yu & Jinqiao Du & Xiner Luo & Ghulam Abbas, 2020. "Bi-Level Planning of Multi-Functional Vehicle Charging Stations Considering Land Use Types," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-17, March.
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