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A Framework to Analyze the Requirements of a Multiport Megawatt-Level Charging Station for Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicles

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  • Partha Mishra

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Eric Miller

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Shriram Santhanagopalan

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA)

  • Kevin Bennion

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA)

  • Andrew Meintz

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA)

Abstract

Widespread adoption of heavy-duty (HD) electric vehicles (EVs) will soon necessitate the use of megawatt (MW)-scale charging stations to charge high-capacity HD EV battery packs. Such a station design needs to anticipate possible station traffic, average and peak power demand, and charging/wait time targets to improve throughput and maximize revenue-generating operations. High-power direct current charging is an attractive candidate for MW-scale charging stations at the time of this study, but there are no precedents for such a station design for HD vehicles. We present a modeling and data analysis framework to elucidate the dependencies of a MW-scale station operation on vehicle traffic data and station design parameters and how that impacts vehicle electrification. This framework integrates an agent-based charging station model with vehicle schedules obtained through real-world vehicle telemetry data analysis to explore the station design and operation space. A case study applies this framework to a Class 8 vehicle telemetry dataset and uses Monte Carlo simulations to explore various design considerations for MW-scale charging stations and EV battery technologies. The results show a direct correlation between optimal charging station placement and major traffic corridors such as cities with ports, e.g., Los Angeles and Oakland. Corresponding parametric sweeps reveal that while good quality of service can be achieved with a mix of 1.2-megawatt and 100-kilowatt chargers, the resultant fast charging time of 35–40 min will need higher charging power to reach parity with refueling times.

Suggested Citation

  • Partha Mishra & Eric Miller & Shriram Santhanagopalan & Kevin Bennion & Andrew Meintz, 2022. "A Framework to Analyze the Requirements of a Multiport Megawatt-Level Charging Station for Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:10:p:3788-:d:820649
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Shoman, Wasim & Yeh, Sonia & Sprei, Frances & Plötz, Patrick & Speth, Daniel, 2023. "Public charging requirements for battery electric long-haul trucks in Europe: A trip chain approach," Working Papers "Sustainability and Innovation" S01/2023, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI).
    2. Jon Williamsson, 2022. "EV Charging on Ferries and in Terminals—A Business Model Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-14, September.

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