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Potential of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel as Renewable Fuel in Combustion Engines: A Review

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  • Haseeb Yaqoob

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan)

  • Yew Heng Teoh

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Farooq Sher

    (School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Environmental and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK)

  • Muhammad Umer Farooq

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Ahmad Jamil

    (Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK)

  • Zareena Kausar

    (Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Noor Us Sabah

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Faizan Shah

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan)

  • Hafiz Zia Ur Rehman

    (Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Atiq Ur Rehman

    (Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

Abstract

As non-renewable conventional fossil fuel sources are depleting day by day, researchers are continually finding new ways of producing and utilizing alternative, renewable, and reliable fuels. Due to conventional technologies, the environment has been degraded seriously, which profoundly impacts life on earth. To reduce the emissions caused by running the compression ignition engines, waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel is one of the best alternative fuels locally available in all parts of the world. Different study results are reviewed with a clear focus on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics, and the impact on engine durability. Moreover, the environmental and economic impacts are also reviewed in this study. When determining the combustion characteristics of WCO biodiesel, the cylinder peak pressure value increases and the heat release rate and ignition delay period decreases. In performance characteristics, brake-specific fuel consumption increases while brake-specific energy consumption, brake power, and torque decrease. WCO biodiesel cuts down the emissions value by 85% due to decreased hydrocarbon, SO 2 , CO, and smoke emissions in the exhaust that will effectively save the environment. However, CO 2 and NO x generally increase when compared to diesel. The overall economic impact of production on the utilization of this resource is also elaborated. The results show that the use of WCO biodiesel is technically, economically, environmentally, and tribologically appropriate for any diesel engine.

Suggested Citation

  • Haseeb Yaqoob & Yew Heng Teoh & Farooq Sher & Muhammad Umer Farooq & Muhammad Ahmad Jamil & Zareena Kausar & Noor Us Sabah & Muhammad Faizan Shah & Hafiz Zia Ur Rehman & Atiq Ur Rehman, 2021. "Potential of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel as Renewable Fuel in Combustion Engines: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2565-:d:546431
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Cédric Decarpigny & Abdulhadi Aljawish & Cédric His & Bertrand Fertin & Muriel Bigan & Pascal Dhulster & Michel Millares & Rénato Froidevaux, 2022. "Bioprocesses for the Biodiesel Production from Waste Oils and Valorization of Glycerol," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-30, May.
    2. Gurunathan Manikandan & P. Rajesh Kanna & Dawid Taler & Tomasz Sobota, 2023. "Review of Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) as a Feedstock for Biofuel—Indian Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-17, February.
    3. Omar Aboelazayem & Mamdouh Gadalla & Basudeb Saha, 2022. "Comprehensive Optimisation of Biodiesel Production Conditions via Supercritical Methanolysis of Waste Cooking Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-22, May.
    4. Can, Özer & Baklacioglu, Tolga & Özturk, Erkan & Turan, Onder, 2022. "Artificial neural networks modeling of combustion parameters for a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel fuel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    5. Jeyaseelan, Thangaraja & El Samad, Tala & Rajkumar, Sundararajan & Chatterjee, Abhay & Al-Zaili, Jafar, 2023. "A techno-economic assessment of waste oil biodiesel blends for automotive applications in urban areas: Case of India," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    6. Mario C. Maya-Rodriguez & Ignacio Carvajal-Mariscal & Raúl López-Muñoz & Mario A. Lopez-Pacheco & René Tolentino-Eslava, 2023. "Temperature Control of a Chemical Reactor Based on Neuro-Fuzzy Tuned with a Metaheuristic Technique to Improve Biodiesel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-17, August.
    7. Mehmood Ali & Muhammad Shahid & Waseem Saeed & Shahab Imran & Md. Abul Kalam, 2023. "Design, Fabrication, and Operation of a 10 L Biodiesel Production Unit Powered by Conventional and Solar Energy Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-16, June.
    8. Chao Jin & Juntong Dong & Chenyun Ding & Jingjing Hu & Zhenlong Geng & Xiaodan Li & Teng Xu & Guolong Zang & Haifeng Liu, 2024. "Effect of Different Preparation Methods on the Stability of Low-Carbon Alcohol Blended Fuels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, June.
    9. Rafael Estevez & Laura Aguado-Deblas & Francisco J. López-Tenllado & Carlos Luna & Juan Calero & Antonio A. Romero & Felipa M. Bautista & Diego Luna, 2022. "Biodiesel Is Dead: Long Life to Advanced Biofuels—A Comprehensive Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-39, April.
    10. Ming-Chien Hsiao & Wei-Ting Lin & Wei-Cheng Chiu & Shuhn-Shyurng Hou, 2021. "Two-Stage Biodiesel Synthesis from Used Cooking Oil with a High Acid Value via an Ultrasound-Assisted Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-14, June.
    11. Tariq Mahmood & Shahid Hassan & Abdullah Sheikh & Abdul Raheem & Ahad Hameed, 2022. "Experimental Investigations of Diesel Engine Performance Using Blends of Distilled Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel with Diesel and Economic Feasibility of the Distilled Biodiesel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-19, December.

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