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Contribution of Wind Farms to the Stability of Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewables

Author

Listed:
  • Jesus Castro Martinez

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Superior Polytechnique School, Faculty of Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain)

  • Santiago Arnaltes

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Superior Polytechnique School, Faculty of Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jaime Alonso-Martinez

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Superior Polytechnique School, Faculty of Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jose Luis Rodriguez Amenedo

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Superior Polytechnique School, Faculty of Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Power system inertia is being reduced because of the increasing penetration of renewable energies, most of which use power electronic interfaces with the grid. This paper analyses the contribution of inertia emulation and droop control to the power system stability. Although inertia emulation may appear the best option to mitigate frequency disturbances, a thorough analysis of the shortcomings that face real-time implementations shows the opposite. Measurement noise and response delay for inertia emulation hinder controller performance, while the inherently fast droop response of electronic converters provides better frequency support. System stability, expressed in terms of rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) and frequency nadir, is therefore improved with droop control, compared to inertia emulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jesus Castro Martinez & Santiago Arnaltes & Jaime Alonso-Martinez & Jose Luis Rodriguez Amenedo, 2021. "Contribution of Wind Farms to the Stability of Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewables," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-21, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:8:p:2207-:d:536806
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xiangwu Yan & Xuewei Sun, 2020. "Inertia and Droop Frequency Control Strategy of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Based on Rotor Kinetic Energy and Supercapacitor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-19, July.
    2. Cheng, Yi & Azizipanah-Abarghooee, Rasoul & Azizi, Sadegh & Ding, Lei & Terzija, Vladimir, 2020. "Smart frequency control in low inertia energy systems based on frequency response techniques: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    3. Andrés Peña Asensio & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt & Santiago Arnaltes & Jose Luis Rodríguez-Amenedo, 2020. "Analysis of the Converter Synchronizing Method for the Contribution of Battery Energy Storage Systems to Inertia Emulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, March.
    4. Dreidy, Mohammad & Mokhlis, H. & Mekhilef, Saad, 2017. "Inertia response and frequency control techniques for renewable energy sources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 144-155.
    5. Al kez, Dlzar & Foley, Aoife M. & McIlwaine, Neil & Morrow, D. John & Hayes, Barry P. & Zehir, M. Alparslan & Mehigan, Laura & Papari, Behnaz & Edrington, Chris S. & Baran, Mesut, 2020. "A critical evaluation of grid stability and codes, energy storage and smart loads in power systems with wind generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Asmaa Faragalla & Omar Abdel-Rahim & Mohamed Orabi & Esam H. Abdelhameed, 2022. "Enhanced Virtual Inertia Control for Microgrids with High-Penetration Renewables Based on Whale Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Martínez, Jesús Castro & Rodríguez Amenedo, José Luis & Arnaltes Gómez, Santiago & Alonso-Martínez, Jaime, 2023. "Grid-forming control of doubly-fed induction generators based on the rotor flux orientation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 162-176.
    3. Pablo Fernández-Bustamante & Oscar Barambones & Isidro Calvo & Cristian Napole & Mohamed Derbeli, 2021. "Provision of Frequency Response from Wind Farms: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-24, October.

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