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Challenges of High Renewable Energy Sources Integration in Power Systems—The Case of Croatia

Author

Listed:
  • Ninoslav Holjevac

    (Department of Energy and Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Tomislav Baškarad

    (Department of Energy and Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Josip Đaković

    (Department of Energy and Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Matej Krpan

    (Department of Energy and Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Matija Zidar

    (Department of Energy and Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Igor Kuzle

    (Department of Energy and Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

This paper presents a high-level overview of the integration of renewable energy sources (RES), primarily wind and solar, into the electric power system (EPS) in Croatia. It presents transmission system integration aspects for the particular case of this country. It explains the current situation and technical characteristics of the current conventional generation units and currently installed wind energy capacities. Based on the current situation future development scenario is determined and used to evaluate the impacts of the wide-scale integration of renewables. Grid connections aspects, power balancing, market participation, and inertia reduction aspects are considered. Furthermore, some specifics of both solar and wind integration are discussed identifying problems and potential solutions. Primarily through the provision of the inertial response of both solar and wind and through better forecasting of wind production. Finally, the outlook for the Croatian power system is given, that will most probably double its RES capacity in the coming 3-year period and a certain level of investments and changes of current operational practices will need to be provided.

Suggested Citation

  • Ninoslav Holjevac & Tomislav Baškarad & Josip Đaković & Matej Krpan & Matija Zidar & Igor Kuzle, 2021. "Challenges of High Renewable Energy Sources Integration in Power Systems—The Case of Croatia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-20, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:1047-:d:500828
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. B. Koti Reddy & Amit Kumar Singh, 2021. "Optimal Operation of a Photovoltaic Integrated Captive Cogeneration Plant with a Utility Grid Using Optimization and Machine Learning Prediction Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-28, August.
    3. Luka Budin & Ninoslav Holjevac & Matija Zidar & Marko Delimar, 2023. "PV Sizing and Investment Support Tool for Household Installations: A Case Study for Croatia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-21, August.
    4. Nascimento, Viviane Tavares & Gimenes, Patricia Albuquerque & Morales Udaeta, Miguel Edgar & Veiga Gimenes, André L. & Riboldi, Victor Baiochi & Ji, Tuo, 2023. "Transition mapping for modern energy service provision under uncertainty: A case study from Brazil," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
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    6. Marcin Bukowski & Janusz Majewski & Agnieszka Sobolewska, 2023. "The Environmental Impact of Changes in the Structure of Electricity Sources in Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-22, January.
    7. Menghwar, Mohan & Yan, Jie & Chi, Yongning & Asim Amin, M. & Liu, Yongqian, 2024. "A market-based real-time algorithm for congestion alleviation incorporating EV demand response in active distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).

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