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Energy Pathways for Future Norwegian Residential Building Areas

Author

Listed:
  • Natasa Nord

    (Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondeheim, Norway)

  • Yiyu Ding

    (Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondeheim, Norway)

  • Ola Skrautvol

    (Erichsen & Horgen AS, 0484 Oslo, Norway)

  • Stian Fossmo Eliassen

    (Norconsult AS, 8003 Bodø, Norway)

Abstract

Owing to stricter building energy requirements, future buildings will be characterized by low base loads and occasional high peaks. However, future building areas will still contain existing and historical buildings with high energy demand. Meanwhile, there is a requirement that future building areas should obtain energy from renewable energy sources, while existing buildings need to be transited to renewables. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop an approach for modelling energy pathways for future Norwegian residential building areas by analyzing different energy supply systems. Several calculation methods were combined: building simulation, energy supply technology simulation, heat demand aggregation, and data post-processing. The results showed that the energy pathways would be very dependent on CO 2 -factors for energy sources, and it is hard to predict accurate CO 2 -factors. An increasing housing stock development would slightly increase the CO 2 emissions towards 2050, although the new buildings used much less energy and the existing buildings underwent renovation. A constant housing stock would yield a 22–27% reduction of CO 2 emissions by 2050. This showed that implementing stricter building codes had a lower impact on the total CO 2 emissions than CO 2 -factors and energy technologies. The focus should lie on energy supply systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Natasa Nord & Yiyu Ding & Ola Skrautvol & Stian Fossmo Eliassen, 2021. "Energy Pathways for Future Norwegian Residential Building Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:934-:d:497146
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    References listed on IDEAS

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