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Analysis of Control Strategies Based on Virtual Inertia for the Improvement of Frequency Stability in an Islanded Grid with Wind Generators and Battery Energy Storage Systems

Author

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  • Iván Pazmiño

    (Faculty of Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Manta 130214, Ecuador)

  • Sergio Martinez

    (Area of Electrical Engineering, ETSI Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain)

  • Danny Ochoa

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Telecommunication, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010203, Ecuador)

Abstract

Rising levels of non-synchronous generation in power systems are leading to increasing difficulties in primary frequency control. In response, there has been much research effort aimed at providing individual electronic interfaced generators with different frequency response capabilities. There is now a growing research interest in analyzing the interactions among different power system elements that include these features. This paper explores how the implementation of control strategies based on the concept of virtual inertia can help to improve frequency stability. More specifically, the work is focused on islanded systems with high share of wind generation interacting with battery energy storage systems. The paper presents a methodology for modeling a power system with virtual primary frequency control, as an aid to power system planning and operation. The methodology and its implementation are illustrated with a real case study.

Suggested Citation

  • Iván Pazmiño & Sergio Martinez & Danny Ochoa, 2021. "Analysis of Control Strategies Based on Virtual Inertia for the Improvement of Frequency Stability in an Islanded Grid with Wind Generators and Battery Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:698-:d:489642
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Danny Ochoa & Sergio Martinez, 2018. "Proposals for Enhancing Frequency Control in Weak and Isolated Power Systems: Application to the Wind-Diesel Power System of San Cristobal Island-Ecuador," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-25, April.
    2. Ochoa, Danny & Martinez, Sergio, 2018. "Frequency dependent strategy for mitigating wind power fluctuations of a doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine based on virtual inertia control and blade pitch angle regulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(PA), pages 108-124.
    3. Siniscalchi-Minna, Sara & Bianchi, Fernando D. & De-Prada-Gil, Mikel & Ocampo-Martinez, Carlos, 2019. "A wind farm control strategy for power reserve maximization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 37-44.
    4. Minghui Yang & Chunsheng Wang & Yukun Hu & Zijian Liu & Caixin Yan & Shuhang He, 2020. "Load Frequency Control of Photovoltaic Generation-Integrated Multi-Area Interconnected Power Systems Based on Double Equivalent-Input-Disturbance Controllers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-19, November.
    5. Nastasi, Benedetto & Mazzoni, Stefano & Groppi, Daniele & Romagnoli, Alessandro & Astiaso Garcia, Davide, 2021. "Solar power-to-gas application to an island energy system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1005-1016.
    6. Fernández-Guillamón, Ana & Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio & Muljadi, Eduard & Molina-García, Ángel, 2019. "Power systems with high renewable energy sources: A review of inertia and frequency control strategies over time," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    7. Ioannis Mexis & Grazia Todeschini, 2020. "Battery Energy Storage Systems in the United Kingdom: A Review of Current State-of-the-Art and Future Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-31, July.
    8. Ana Fernández-Guillamón & Guillermo Martínez-Lucas & Ángel Molina-García & Jose-Ignacio Sarasua, 2020. "Hybrid Wind–PV Frequency Control Strategy under Variable Weather Conditions in Isolated Power Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-25, September.
    9. Pablo Benalcazar & Adam Suski & Jacek Kamiński, 2020. "Optimal Sizing and Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Systems: The Cases of Morona Santiago and the Galapagos Islands," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-20, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Juliano C. L. da Silva & Thales Ramos & Manoel F. Medeiros Júnior, 2021. "Modeling and Harmonic Impact Mitigation of Grid-Connected SCIG Driven by an Electromagnetic Frequency Regulator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-21, July.
    2. Amir Hussain & Wajiha Shireen, 2021. "Grid-Following Mode Operation of Small-Scale Distributed Battery Energy Storages for Fast Frequency Regulation in a Mixed-Source Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Soroush Oshnoei & Mohammadreza Aghamohammadi & Siavash Oshnoei & Arman Oshnoei & Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, 2021. "Provision of Frequency Stability of an Islanded Microgrid Using a Novel Virtual Inertia Control and a Fractional Order Cascade Controller," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-24, July.

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