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Enhancement of Biodiesel Production from High-Acid-Value Waste Cooking Oil via a Microwave Reactor Using a Homogeneous Alkaline Catalyst

Author

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  • Ming-Chien Hsiao

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 71070, Taiwan
    Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 71070, Taiwan)

  • Peir-Horng Liao

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 71070, Taiwan)

  • Nguyen Vu Lan

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam)

  • Shuhn-Shyurng Hou

    (Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kun Shan University, Tainan 71070, Taiwan
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 71070, Taiwan)

Abstract

In this study, low quality oils (waste cooking oils) with high acid value (4.81 mg KOH/g) were utilized as the feedstocks for a transesterification reaction enhanced by additional microwave power and the use of an NaOH catalyst. The kinetics of the transesterification reaction under different reaction times and temperatures was studied. It was found that in the microwave-assisted transesterification reaction, the optimum conditions under a microwave power of 600 W were as follows: an NaOH catalyst of 0.8 wt %, a 12:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil, a reaction time of 2 min, and a reaction temperature of 65 °C. The conversion of waste cooking oil into biodiesel reached 98.2% after this short reaction time. This result conformed to 96.5% of the standard value of Taiwan CNS 15072. In addition, with increases in the reaction temperature from 55 to 65 °C, the reaction rate constant increased from 0.635 to 2.396 min −1 , and the activation energy required for the transesterification reaction was 123.14 kJ/mole.

Suggested Citation

  • Ming-Chien Hsiao & Peir-Horng Liao & Nguyen Vu Lan & Shuhn-Shyurng Hou, 2021. "Enhancement of Biodiesel Production from High-Acid-Value Waste Cooking Oil via a Microwave Reactor Using a Homogeneous Alkaline Catalyst," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:437-:d:480673
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ming-Chien Hsiao & Jui-Yang Kuo & Pei-Hsuan Hsieh & Shuhn-Shyurng Hou, 2018. "Improving Biodiesel Conversions from Blends of High- and Low-Acid-Value Waste Cooking Oils Using Sodium Methoxide as a Catalyst Based on a High Speed Homogenizer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-11, August.
    2. Hanh, Hoang Duc & Dong, Nguyen The & Okitsu, Kenji & Nishimura, Rokuro & Maeda, Yasuaki, 2009. "Biodiesel production through transesterification of triolein with various alcohols in an ultrasonic field," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 766-768.
    3. Ming-Chien Hsiao & Li-Wen Chang & Shuhn-Shyurng Hou, 2019. "Study of Solid Calcium Diglyceroxide for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using a High Speed Homogenizer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-11, August.
    4. Ming-Chien Hsiao & Shuhn-Shyurng Hou & Jui-Yang Kuo & Pei-Hsuan Hsieh, 2018. "Optimized Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil to Biodiesel Using Calcium Methoxide as Catalyst under Homogenizer System Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-12, October.
    5. Nayak, Milap G. & Vyas, Amish P., 2019. "Optimization of microwave-assisted biodiesel production from Papaya oil using response surface methodology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 18-28.
    6. George Anastopoulos & Ypatia Zannikou & Stamoulis Stournas & Stamatis Kalligeros, 2009. "Transesterification of Vegetable Oils with Ethanol and Characterization of the Key Fuel Properties of Ethyl Esters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 2(2), pages 1-15, June.
    7. Chen, Kang-Shin & Lin, Yuan-Chung & Hsu, Kuo-Hsiang & Wang, Hsin-Kai, 2012. "Improving biodiesel yields from waste cooking oil by using sodium methoxide and a microwave heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 151-156.
    8. Gupta, Anilkumar R. & Rathod, Virendra K., 2018. "Calcium diglyceroxide catalyzed biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in the presence of microwave: Optimization and kinetic studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 757-767.
    9. Satyanarayana, M. & Muraleedharan, C., 2011. "A comparative study of vegetable oil methyl esters (biodiesels)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 2129-2137.
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    Cited by:

    1. Omar Aboelazayem & Mamdouh Gadalla & Basudeb Saha, 2022. "Comprehensive Optimisation of Biodiesel Production Conditions via Supercritical Methanolysis of Waste Cooking Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-22, May.
    2. R, Gopi & Thangarasu, Vinoth & Vinayakaselvi M, Angkayarkan & Ramanathan, Anand, 2022. "A critical review of recent advancements in continuous flow reactors and prominent integrated microreactors for biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    3. Eugenio Meloni, 2022. "Electrification of Chemical Engineering: A New Way to Intensify Chemical Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-3, July.
    4. Ming-Chien Hsiao & Peir-Horng Liao & Kuo-Chou Yang & Nguyen Vu Lan & Shuhn-Shyurng Hou, 2022. "Enhanced Biodiesel Synthesis via a Homogenizer-Assisted Two-Stage Conversion Process Using Waste Edible Oil as Feedstock," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-15, November.
    5. Ming-Chien Hsiao & Wei-Ting Lin & Wei-Cheng Chiu & Shuhn-Shyurng Hou, 2021. "Two-Stage Biodiesel Synthesis from Used Cooking Oil with a High Acid Value via an Ultrasound-Assisted Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-14, June.

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