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The Effect of Perforation Spacing on the Variation of Stress Shadow

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  • Weige Han

    (State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
    Hebei Province Technical Innovation Center of Safe and Effective Mining of Metal Mines, Shijiazhuang 050043, China)

  • Zhendong Cui

    (Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
    Innovation Academy for Earth Science, CAS, Beijing 100029, China
    College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Zhengguo Zhu

    (State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
    Hebei Province Technical Innovation Center of Safe and Effective Mining of Metal Mines, Shijiazhuang 050043, China)

Abstract

When the shale gas reservoir is fractured, stress shadows can cause reorientation of hydraulic fractures and affect the complexity. To reveal the variation of stress shadow with perforation spacing, the numerical model between different perforation spacing was simulated by the extended finite element method (XFEM). The variation of stress shadows was analyzed from the stress of two perforation centers, the fracture path, and the ratio of fracture length to spacing. The simulations showed that the reservoir rock at the two perforation centers is always in a state of compressive stress, and the smaller the perforation spacing, the higher the maximum compressive stress. Moreover, the compressive stress value can directly reflect the size of the stress shadow effect, which changes with the fracture propagation. When the fracture length extends to 2.5 times the perforation spacing, the stress shadow effect is the strongest. In addition, small perforation spacing leads to backward-spreading of hydraulic fractures, and the smaller the perforation spacing, the greater the deflection degree of hydraulic fractures. Additionally, the deflection angle of the fracture decreases with the expansion of the fracture. Furthermore, the perforation spacing has an important influence on the initiation pressure, and the smaller the perforation spacing, the greater the initiation pressure. At the same time, there is also a perforation spacing which minimizes the initiation pressure. However, when the perforation spacing increases to a certain value (the result of this work is about 14 m), the initiation pressure will not change. This study will be useful in guiding the design of programs in simultaneous fracturing.

Suggested Citation

  • Weige Han & Zhendong Cui & Zhengguo Zhu, 2021. "The Effect of Perforation Spacing on the Variation of Stress Shadow," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:4040-:d:588416
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yintong Guo & Peng Deng & Chunhe Yang & Xin Chang & Lei Wang & Jun Zhou, 2018. "Experimental Investigation on Hydraulic Fracture Propagation of Carbonate Rocks under Different Fracturing Fluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Yuan, Jiehui & Luo, Dongkun & Feng, Lianyong, 2015. "A review of the technical and economic evaluation techniques for shale gas development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 49-65.
    3. Middleton, Richard S. & Gupta, Rajan & Hyman, Jeffrey D. & Viswanathan, Hari S., 2017. "The shale gas revolution: Barriers, sustainability, and emerging opportunities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 88-95.
    4. Yuxiang Cheng & Yanjun Zhang, 2020. "Experimental Study of Fracture Propagation: The Application in Energy Mining," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-31, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Weige Han & Zhendong Cui & Zhengguo Zhu & Xianmin Han, 2022. "The Effect of Bedding Plane Angle on Hydraulic Fracture Propagation in Mineral Heterogeneity Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Chun Zhu & Jiabing Zhang & Junlong Shang & Dazhong Ren & Manchao He, 2023. "Advances in Multifield and Multiscale Coupling of Rock Engineering," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-6, May.

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