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Temporal Patternization of Power Signatures for Appliance Classification in NILM

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  • Hwan Kim

    (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea)

  • Sungsu Lim

    (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea)

Abstract

Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) techniques are effective for managing energy and for addressing imbalances between the energy demand and supply. Various studies based on deep learning have reported the classification of appliances from aggregated power signals. In this paper, we propose a novel approach called a temporal bar graph, which patternizes the operational status of the appliances and time in order to extract the inherent features from the aggregated power signals for efficient load identification. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a temporal bar graph was applied to the total power and tested on three state-of-the-art deep learning techniques that previously exhibited superior performance in image classification tasks—namely, Extreme Inception (Xception), Very Deep One Dimensional CNN (VDOCNN), and Concatenate-DenseNet121. The UK Domestic Appliance-Level Electricity (UK-DALE) and Tracebase datasets were used for our experiments. The results of the five-appliance case demonstrated that the accuracy and F1-score increased by 19.55% and 21.43%, respectively, on VDOCNN, and by 33.22% and 35.71%, respectively, on Xception. A performance comparison with the state-of-the-art deep learning methods and image-based spectrogram approach was conducted.

Suggested Citation

  • Hwan Kim & Sungsu Lim, 2021. "Temporal Patternization of Power Signatures for Appliance Classification in NILM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:10:p:2931-:d:557516
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cominola, A. & Giuliani, M. & Piga, D. & Castelletti, A. & Rizzoli, A.E., 2017. "A Hybrid Signature-based Iterative Disaggregation algorithm for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P1), pages 331-344.
    2. Qian Wu & Fei Wang, 2019. "Concatenate Convolutional Neural Networks for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring across Complex Background," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-17, April.
    3. Jin-Gyeom Kim & Bowon Lee, 2019. "Appliance Classification by Power Signal Analysis Based on Multi-Feature Combination Multi-Layer LSTM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-24, July.
    4. Cristina Puente & Rafael Palacios & Yolanda González-Arechavala & Eugenio Francisco Sánchez-Úbeda, 2020. "Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) for Energy Disaggregation Using Soft Computing Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-20, June.
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