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Evaluation of Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Wastewater in an Innovative Multi-Section Horizontal Flow Reactor

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  • Marcin Dębowski

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Marcin Zieliński

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Marta Kisielewska

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Joanna Kazimierowicz

    (Department of Water Supply and Sewage Systems, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of this study was the performance evaluation of anaerobic digestion of dairy wastewater in a multi-section horizontal flow reactor (HFAR) equipped with microwave and ultrasonic generators to stimulate biochemical processes. The effects of increasing organic loading rate (OLR) ranging from 1.0 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L·d to 4.0 g COD/L·d on treatment performance, biogas production, and percentage of methane yield were determined. The highest organic compounds removals (about 85% as COD and total organic carbon—TOC) were obtained at OLR of 1.0–2.0 g COD/L·d. The highest biogas yield of 0.33 ± 0.03 L/g COD removed and methane content in biogas of 68.1 ± 5.8% were recorded at OLR of 1.0 g COD/L·d, while at OLR of 2.0 g COD/L·d it was 0.31 ± 0.02 L/COD removed and 66.3 ± 5.7%, respectively. Increasing of the OLR led to a reduction in biogas productivity as well as a decrease in methane content in biogas. The best technological effects were recorded in series with an operating mode of ultrasonic generators of 2 min work/28 min break. More intensive sonication reduced the efficiency of anaerobic digestion of dairy wastewater as well as biogas production. A low nutrient removal efficiency was observed in all tested series of the experiment, which ranged from 2.04 ± 0.38 to 4.59 ± 0.68% for phosphorus and from 9.67 ± 3.36 to 20.36 ± 0.32% for nitrogen. The effects obtained in the study (referring to the efficiency of wastewater treatment, biogas production, as well as to the results of economic analysis) proved that the HFAR can be competitive to existing industrial technologies for food wastewater treatment.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcin Dębowski & Marcin Zieliński & Marta Kisielewska & Joanna Kazimierowicz, 2020. "Evaluation of Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Wastewater in an Innovative Multi-Section Horizontal Flow Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:9:p:2392-:d:356522
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rajeshwari, K. V. & Balakrishnan, M. & Kansal, A. & Lata, Kusum & Kishore, V. V. N., 2000. "State-of-the-art of anaerobic digestion technology for industrial wastewater treatment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 4(2), pages 135-156, June.
    2. Göblös, Sz. & Portörő, P. & Bordás, D. & Kálmán, M. & Kiss, I., 2008. "Comparison of the effectivities of two-phase and single-phase anaerobic sequencing batch reactors during dairy wastewater treatment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 960-965.
    3. Longo, Stefano & d’Antoni, Benedetto Mirko & Bongards, Michael & Chaparro, Antonio & Cronrath, Andreas & Fatone, Francesco & Lema, Juan M. & Mauricio-Iglesias, Miguel & Soares, Ana & Hospido, Almudena, 2016. "Monitoring and diagnosis of energy consumption in wastewater treatment plants. A state of the art and proposals for improvement," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1251-1268.
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    Cited by:

    1. Małgorzata Worwąg & Iwona Zawieja, 2022. "Influence of Ultrasonic Field Parameters on the Biochemical Activity of Leachates from the Composting Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-13, May.
    2. Joanna Kazimierowicz & Marcin Zieliński & Izabela Bartkowska & Marcin Dębowski, 2022. "Effect of Acid Whey Pretreatment Using Ultrasonic Disintegration on the Removal of Organic Compounds and Anaerobic Digestion Efficiency," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-20, September.
    3. Beata Karolinczak & Wojciech Dąbrowski & Radosław Żyłka, 2021. "Evaluation of Dairy Wastewater Treatment Systems Using Carbon Footprint Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-10, August.
    4. Sundaramahalingam, M.A. & Sivashanmugam, P., 2023. "Concomitant strategy of wastewater treatment and biodiesel production using innate yeast cell (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) from food industry sewerage and its energy system analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 52-62.
    5. Marcin Zieliński & Joanna Kazimierowicz & Marcin Dębowski, 2022. "Advantages and Limitations of Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment—Technological Basics, Development Directions, and Technological Innovations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-39, December.
    6. Radosław Żyłka & Wojciech Dąbrowski & Paweł Malinowski & Beata Karolinczak, 2020. "Modeling of Electric Energy Consumption during Dairy Wastewater Treatment Plant Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-14, July.
    7. Joanna Kazimierowicz & Marcin Dębowski & Marcin Zieliński, 2022. "Microbial Granule Technology—Prospects for Wastewater Treatment and Energy Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-26, December.
    8. Joanna Kazimierowicz & Izabela Bartkowska & Maria Walery, 2020. "Effect of Low-Temperature Conditioning of Excess Dairy Sewage Sludge with the Use of Solidified Carbon Dioxide on the Efficiency of Methane Fermentation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    9. Joanna Kazimierowicz & Marcin Dębowski, 2022. "Aerobic Granular Sludge as a Substrate in Anaerobic Digestion—Current Status and Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-24, August.
    10. Anna Kwarciak-Kozłowska & Małgorzata Worwąg, 2021. "The Impact of an Ultrasonic Field on the Efficiency of Coke Wastewater Treatment in a Sequencing Batch Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-18, February.

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