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Analysing the Effect of Substrate Properties on Building Envelope Thermal Performance in Various Climates

Author

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  • Kishor T. Zingre

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE1 8ST, UK)

  • Kiran Kumar D. E. V. S.

    (School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore)

  • Man Pun Wan

    (School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore)

Abstract

Existing regulations on the thermal efficiency of building envelope assemblies are based on the steady state thermal properties of substrate materials. Heat transfer mechanisms of passive heat curbing methods such as phase change materials and cool materials, which are dynamic in nature, are currently not being accounted for. The effectiveness of thermo-physical and solar radiation properties of building materials (i.e., solid homogeneous layers without air gap) in reducing the heat gain into a building in a hot climate could be well understood with the equivalent thermal resistance ( R eq ) concept. A simple and easy-to-use mathematical derivation (i.e., to estimate the instantaneous heat flux across an envelope assembly) is proposed in this paper to understand the mechanism of equivalent R-value (i.e., reciprocal of thermal transmittance, U-value) due to solar radiation properties of passive substrate materials. The model is validated against field experiments carried out at two apartment units of a residential building. The R eq due to high outer surface solar radiation properties (i.e., by applying a cool coating) is dynamic as it varies with the weather conditions. The effect of a substrate material’s solar radiation and thermo-physical properties on the overall roof thermal performance is investigated using the R eq model for four cooling dominated climates around the globe, having different diurnal conditions and sky temperatures. Increasing the outer surface’s solar reflectance (from 10% to 80%) reduces net heat gain through the flat roof during both daytime and nighttime. In contrast, adding only thermal resistance (from 5 mm to 75 mm thick polyurethane) or volumetric heat capacity (by adding 5 mm thick phase change material) to the building envelope brings down heat gain during the day, but not in the night. Thermal insulation is found to be the second effective property, followed by thermal mass irrespective of different diurnal conditions and sky temperatures across the climates.

Suggested Citation

  • Kishor T. Zingre & Kiran Kumar D. E. V. S. & Man Pun Wan, 2020. "Analysing the Effect of Substrate Properties on Building Envelope Thermal Performance in Various Climates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-8, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:19:p:5119-:d:422773
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan & Wang, Xiaoming & Sanjayan, Jay & Wilson, John, 2017. "Thermal performance assessment of phase change material integrated cementitious composites in buildings: Experimental and numerical approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 654-664.
    2. Lei, Jiawei & Kumarasamy, Karthikeyan & Zingre, Kishor T. & Yang, Jinglei & Wan, Man Pun & Yang, En-Hua, 2017. "Cool colored coating and phase change materials as complementary cooling strategies for building cooling load reduction in tropics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 57-63.
    3. Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan & Wang, Xiaoming & Sanjayan, Jay & Wilson, John, 2017. "Thermal performance of buildings integrated with phase change materials to reduce heat stress risks during extreme heatwave events," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 410-421.
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    5. Zingre, Kishor T. & Wan, Man Pun & Tong, Shanshan & Li, Hua & Chang, Victor W.-C. & Wong, Swee Khian & Thian Toh, Winston Boo & Leng Lee, Irene Yen, 2015. "Modeling of cool roof heat transfer in tropical climate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 210-223.
    6. Alam, Morshed & Zou, Patrick X.W. & Sanjayan, Jay & Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, 2019. "Energy saving performance assessment and lessons learned from the operation of an active phase change materials system in a multi-storey building in Melbourne," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1582-1595.
    7. Zingre, Kishor T. & Wan, Man Pun & Wong, Swee Khian & Toh, Winston Boo Thian & Lee, Irene Yen Leng, 2015. "Modelling of cool roof performance for double-skin roofs in tropical climate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 813-826.
    8. Zingre, Kishor T. & Wan, Man Pun & Yang, Xingguo, 2015. "A new RTTV (roof thermal transfer value) calculation method for cool roofs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 222-232.
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    1. María M. Villar-Ramos & Iván Hernández-Pérez & Karla M. Aguilar-Castro & Ivett Zavala-Guillén & Edgar V. Macias-Melo & Irving Hernández-López & Juan Serrano-Arellano, 2022. "A Review of Thermally Activated Building Systems (TABS) as an Alternative for Improving the Indoor Environment of Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-31, August.

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