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Fast Pyrolysis of Lignin Pretreated with Magnesium Formate and Magnesium Hydroxide

Author

Listed:
  • Mayank Patel

    (Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA)

  • Nick Hill

    (Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA)

  • Charles A. Mullen

    (USDA-ARS, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA)

  • Sampath Gunukula

    (Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA)

  • William J. DeSisto

    (Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA)

Abstract

Kraft lignin (Indulin AT) pretreated with magnesium formate and magnesium hydroxide was fast-pyrolyzed in a continuously fed, bench-scale system. To avoid fouling issues typically associated with lignin pyrolysis, a simple laboratory test was used to determine suitable ranges of magnesium hydroxide and formic acid to lignin for feeding without plugging problems. Various feedstock formulations of lignin pretreated with magnesium hydroxide and formic acid were pyrolyzed. For comparison, calcium formate pretreated lignin was also tested. The organic oil yield ranged from 9% to 17% wt % on a lignin basis. Carbon yields in the oil ranged from 10% to 18% wt % on a lignin basis. Magnesium formate pretreatment increased oil yield and carbon yield in the oil up to 35% relative to the higher 1:1 g magnesium hydroxide/g lignin pretreatment. However, a lower magnesium hydroxide pretreatment (0.5:1 g magnesium hydroxide/g lignin) resulted in oil yields and carbon yields in the oils similar to the magnesium formate pretreatments. Magnesium formate pretreatment produced more oil but with a higher oxygen content than calcium formate under the same conditions. The GC-MS analysis of product oils indicated that phenols and aromatics were more prevalent in pyrolyzed magnesium-formate-pretreated lignin.

Suggested Citation

  • Mayank Patel & Nick Hill & Charles A. Mullen & Sampath Gunukula & William J. DeSisto, 2020. "Fast Pyrolysis of Lignin Pretreated with Magnesium Formate and Magnesium Hydroxide," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-10, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:19:p:4995-:d:417783
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marathe, P.S. & Westerhof, R.J.M. & Kersten, S.R.A., 2019. "Fast pyrolysis of lignins with different molecular weight: Experiments and modelling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 1125-1137.
    2. Chio, Chonlong & Sain, Mohini & Qin, Wensheng, 2019. "Lignin utilization: A review of lignin depolymerization from various aspects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 232-249.
    3. Lee, Hyung Won & Kim, Young-Min & Jae, Jungho & Lee, Soo Min & Jung, Sang-Chul & Park, Young-Kwon, 2019. "The use of calcined seashell for the prevention of char foaming/agglomeration and the production of high-quality oil during the pyrolysis of lignin," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 147-152.
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