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Outlook for Direct Use of Sunflower and Castor Oils as Biofuels in Compression Ignition Diesel Engines, Being Part of Diesel/Ethyl Acetate/Straight Vegetable Oil Triple Blends

Author

Listed:
  • Laura Aguado-Deblas

    (Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Rafael Estevez

    (Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Jesús Hidalgo-Carrillo

    (Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Felipa M. Bautista

    (Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Carlos Luna

    (Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Juan Calero

    (Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Alejandro Posadillo

    (Seneca Green Catalyst S.L., Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Antonio A. Romero

    (Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Diego Luna

    (Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain)

Abstract

Today, biofuels are indispensable in the implementation of fossil fuels replacement processes. This study evaluates ethyl acetate (EA) as a solvent of two straight vegetable oils (SVOs), castor oil (CO), and sunflower oil (SO), in order to obtain EA/SVO double blends that can be used directly as biofuels, or along with fossil diesel (D), in the current compression-ignition (C.I.) engines. The interest of EA as oxygenated additive lies not only in its low price and renewable character, but also in its very attractive properties such as low kinematic viscosity, reasonable energy density, high oxygen content, and rich cold flow properties. Revelant fuel properties of EA/SVO double and D/EA/SVO triple blends have been object of study including kinematic viscosity, pour point (PP), cloud point (CP), calorific value (CV), and cetane number (CN). The suitability of using these blends as fuels has been tested by running them on a diesel engine electric generator, analyzing their effect on engine power output, fuel consumption, and smoke emissions. Results obtained indicate that the D/EA/SO and D/EA/CO triple blends, composed by up to 24% and 36% EA, respectively, allow a fossil diesel substitution up to 60–80% providing power values very similar to conventional diesel.In addition, in exchange of a slight fuel consumption, a very notable lessening in the emission of pollutants as well as a better behavior at low temperatures, as compared to diesel, are achieved.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Aguado-Deblas & Rafael Estevez & Jesús Hidalgo-Carrillo & Felipa M. Bautista & Carlos Luna & Juan Calero & Alejandro Posadillo & Antonio A. Romero & Diego Luna, 2020. "Outlook for Direct Use of Sunflower and Castor Oils as Biofuels in Compression Ignition Diesel Engines, Being Part of Diesel/Ethyl Acetate/Straight Vegetable Oil Triple Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:18:p:4836-:d:414365
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Rafael Estevez & Laura Aguado-Deblas & Alejandro Posadillo & Beatriz Hurtado & Felipa M. Bautista & José M. Hidalgo & Carlos Luna & Juan Calero & Antonio A. Romero & Diego Luna, 2019. "Performance and Emission Quality Assessment in a Diesel Engine of Straight Castor and Sunflower Vegetable Oils, in Diesel/Gasoline/Oil Triple Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, June.
    5. Shahir, S.A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Imran, A. & Fattah, I.M. Rizwanul & Sanjid, A., 2014. "Feasibility of diesel–biodiesel–ethanol/bioethanol blend as existing CI engine fuel: An assessment of properties, material compatibility, safety and combustion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 379-395.
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    7. Laura Aguado-Deblas & Jesús Hidalgo-Carrillo & Felipa M. Bautista & Diego Luna & Carlos Luna & Juan Calero & Alejandro Posadillo & Antonio A. Romero & Rafael Estevez, 2020. "Diethyl Ether as an Oxygenated Additive for Fossil Diesel/Vegetable Oil Blends: Evaluation of Performance and Emission Quality of Triple Blends on a Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-16, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Vladimir Anatolyevich Markov & Bowen Sa & Sergey Nikolaevich Devyanin & Anatoly Anatolyevich Zherdev & Pablo Ramon Vallejo Maldonado & Sergey Anatolyevich Zykov & Aleksandr Dmitrievich Denisov & Hewag, 2021. "Investigation of the Performances of a Diesel Engine Operating on Blended and Emulsified Biofuels from Rapeseed Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-28, October.
    2. Laura Aguado-Deblas & Jesús Hidalgo-Carrillo & Felipa M. Bautista & Carlos Luna & Juan Calero & Alejandro Posadillo & Antonio A. Romero & Diego Luna & Rafael Estévez, 2021. "Evaluation of Dimethyl Carbonate as Alternative Biofuel. Performance and Smoke Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Diesel/Dimethyl Carbonate/Straight Vegetable Oil Triple Blends," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Laura Aguado-Deblas & Jesús Hidalgo-Carrillo & Felipa M. Bautista & Carlos Luna & Juan Calero & Alejandro Posadillo & Antonio A. Romero & Diego Luna & Rafael Estévez, 2020. "Biofuels from Diethyl Carbonate and Vegetable Oils for Use in Triple Blends with Diesel Fuel: Effect on Performance and Smoke Emissions of a Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-15, December.
    4. Diego Luna & Rafael Estevez, 2022. "Optimization of Biodiesel and Biofuel Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-4, August.
    5. Nabi, Md Nurun & Rasul, Mohammad G. & Hazrat, M.A. & Rashid, Fazlur, 2024. "Investigation of the effect of ether oxygenated additives on diesel engine performance, combustion, and exhaust emissions - An experimental approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    6. Purushothaman Paneerselvam & Gnanamoorthi Venkadesan & Mebin Samuel Panithasan & Gurusamy Alaganathan & Sławomir Wierzbicki & Maciej Mikulski, 2021. "Evaluating the Influence of Cetane Improver Additives on the Outcomes of a Diesel Engine Characteristics Fueled with Peppermint Oil Diesel Blend," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-15, May.
    7. Rafael Estevez & Laura Aguado-Deblas & Francisco J. López-Tenllado & Carlos Luna & Juan Calero & Antonio A. Romero & Felipa M. Bautista & Diego Luna, 2022. "Biodiesel Is Dead: Long Life to Advanced Biofuels—A Comprehensive Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-39, April.

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