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Small-Signal Modelling and Stability Assessment of Phase-Locked Loops in Weak Grids

Author

Listed:
  • Claudio Burgos-Mellado

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chile (DIE), Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago 8370451, Chile
    PEMC Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • Alessandro Costabeber

    (PEMC Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • Mark Sumner

    (PEMC Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • Roberto Cárdenas-Dobson

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chile (DIE), Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago 8370451, Chile)

  • Doris Sáez

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chile (DIE), Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago 8370451, Chile)

Abstract

This paper proposes a low-complexity small signal model for a 3-leg converter connected to a balanced three-phase, three-wire weak grid and synchronised to this grid using a PLL implemented in a synchronous rotating d-q axis. A thorough analysis of the system stability as a function of the PLL bandwidth and the short circuit ratio (SCR) of the grid is performed based on a linearised model. By using the proposed model, an improved design process is proposed for the commonly used dq -PLL that accounts for the potential stability issues which may occur in weak grids. Using the proposed approach, it is possible to optimise the PLL design to find the fastest PLL that can operate stably considering the SCR of the grid. In addition, the proposed model is very simple, resulting in a straightforward design tool that could also be used for online stability monitoring. The method is validated through simulations and experimental results from a 5kW laboratory system.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudio Burgos-Mellado & Alessandro Costabeber & Mark Sumner & Roberto Cárdenas-Dobson & Doris Sáez, 2019. "Small-Signal Modelling and Stability Assessment of Phase-Locked Loops in Weak Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-30, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:7:p:1227-:d:218468
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Burgos-Mellado, Claudio & Orchard, Marcos E. & Kazerani, Mehrdad & Cárdenas, Roberto & Sáez, Doris, 2016. "Particle-filtering-based estimation of maximum available power state in Lithium-Ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 349-363.
    2. Shiwu Liao & Wei Yao & Xiaomeng Ai & Jinyu Wen & Qing Liu & Yanhong Jiang & Jian Zhang & Jingzhe Tu, 2017. "An Improved Multi-Infeed Effective Short-Circuit Ratio for AC/DC Power Systems with Massive Shunt Capacitors Installed," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Xing Li & Hua Lin, 2018. "Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected Converters with Different Implementations of Adaptive PR Controllers under Weak Grid Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Jesús Muñoz-Cruzado-Alba & Christian A. Rojas & Samir Kouro & Eduardo Galván Díez, 2016. "Power Production Losses Study by Frequency Regulation in Weak-Grid-Connected Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-21, April.
    5. Ming Li & Xing Zhang & Wei Zhao, 2018. "A Novel Stability Improvement Strategy for a Multi-Inverter System in a Weak Grid Utilizing Dual-Mode Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-19, August.
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