IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v12y2019i7p1227-d218468.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Small-Signal Modelling and Stability Assessment of Phase-Locked Loops in Weak Grids

Author

Listed:
  • Claudio Burgos-Mellado

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chile (DIE), Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago 8370451, Chile
    PEMC Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • Alessandro Costabeber

    (PEMC Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • Mark Sumner

    (PEMC Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • Roberto Cárdenas-Dobson

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chile (DIE), Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago 8370451, Chile)

  • Doris Sáez

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chile (DIE), Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago 8370451, Chile)

Abstract

This paper proposes a low-complexity small signal model for a 3-leg converter connected to a balanced three-phase, three-wire weak grid and synchronised to this grid using a PLL implemented in a synchronous rotating d-q axis. A thorough analysis of the system stability as a function of the PLL bandwidth and the short circuit ratio (SCR) of the grid is performed based on a linearised model. By using the proposed model, an improved design process is proposed for the commonly used dq -PLL that accounts for the potential stability issues which may occur in weak grids. Using the proposed approach, it is possible to optimise the PLL design to find the fastest PLL that can operate stably considering the SCR of the grid. In addition, the proposed model is very simple, resulting in a straightforward design tool that could also be used for online stability monitoring. The method is validated through simulations and experimental results from a 5kW laboratory system.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudio Burgos-Mellado & Alessandro Costabeber & Mark Sumner & Roberto Cárdenas-Dobson & Doris Sáez, 2019. "Small-Signal Modelling and Stability Assessment of Phase-Locked Loops in Weak Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-30, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:7:p:1227-:d:218468
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/7/1227/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/7/1227/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Burgos-Mellado, Claudio & Orchard, Marcos E. & Kazerani, Mehrdad & Cárdenas, Roberto & Sáez, Doris, 2016. "Particle-filtering-based estimation of maximum available power state in Lithium-Ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 349-363.
    2. Xing Li & Hua Lin, 2018. "Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected Converters with Different Implementations of Adaptive PR Controllers under Weak Grid Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Jesús Muñoz-Cruzado-Alba & Christian A. Rojas & Samir Kouro & Eduardo Galván Díez, 2016. "Power Production Losses Study by Frequency Regulation in Weak-Grid-Connected Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-21, April.
    4. Ming Li & Xing Zhang & Wei Zhao, 2018. "A Novel Stability Improvement Strategy for a Multi-Inverter System in a Weak Grid Utilizing Dual-Mode Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-19, August.
    5. Shiwu Liao & Wei Yao & Xiaomeng Ai & Jinyu Wen & Qing Liu & Yanhong Jiang & Jian Zhang & Jingzhe Tu, 2017. "An Improved Multi-Infeed Effective Short-Circuit Ratio for AC/DC Power Systems with Massive Shunt Capacitors Installed," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Panos C. Papageorgiou & Konstantinos F. Krommydas & Antonio T. Alexandridis, 2020. "Validation of Novel PLL-driven PI Control Schemes on Supporting VSIs in Weak AC-Connections," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Rômulo de Oliveira Azevêdo & Paulo Rotela Junior & Luiz Célio Souza Rocha & Gianfranco Chicco & Giancarlo Aquila & Rogério Santana Peruchi, 2020. "Identification and Analysis of Impact Factors on the Economic Feasibility of Photovoltaic Energy Investments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-40, September.
    3. Li Sun & Hongbo Liu & Chenglian Ma, 2020. "AC Tie-Line Power Oscillation Mechanism and Peak Value Calculation for a Two-Area AC/DC Parallel Interconnected Power System Caused by LCC-HVDC Commutation Failures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Quynh T.T Tran & Maria Luisa Di Silvestre & Eleonora Riva Sanseverino & Gaetano Zizzo & Thanh Nam Pham, 2018. "Driven Primary Regulation for Minimum Power Losses Operation in Islanded Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, October.
    5. Hu, Xiaosong & Feng, Fei & Liu, Kailong & Zhang, Lei & Xie, Jiale & Liu, Bo, 2019. "State estimation for advanced battery management: Key challenges and future trends," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Francesco Lo Franco & Antonio Morandi & Pietro Raboni & Gabriele Grandi, 2021. "Efficiency Comparison of DC and AC Coupling Solutions for Large-Scale PV+BESS Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-22, August.
    7. Liang Zhang & Shunli Wang & Daniel-Ioan Stroe & Chuanyun Zou & Carlos Fernandez & Chunmei Yu, 2020. "An Accurate Time Constant Parameter Determination Method for the Varying Condition Equivalent Circuit Model of Lithium Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-12, April.
    8. Bahram Shakerighadi & Esmaeil Ebrahimzadeh & Frede Blaabjerg & Claus Leth Bak, 2018. "Large-Signal Stability Modeling for the Grid-Connected VSC Based on the Lyapunov Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, September.
    9. Ventosa-Cutillas, Antonio & Montero-Robina, Pablo & Cuesta, Federico & Gordillo, Francisco, 2020. "A simple modulation approach for interfacing three-level Neutral-Point-Clamped converters to the grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    10. Muhammad Umair Ali & Amad Zafar & Sarvar Hussain Nengroo & Sadam Hussain & Muhammad Junaid Alvi & Hee-Je Kim, 2019. "Towards a Smarter Battery Management System for Electric Vehicle Applications: A Critical Review of Lithium-Ion Battery State of Charge Estimation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-33, January.
    11. Yunlong Han & Conghui Li & Linfeng Zheng & Gang Lei & Li Li, 2023. "Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Lithium-Ion Batteries by Using a Denoising Transformer-Based Neural Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-16, August.
    12. Bi, Jun & Zhang, Ting & Yu, Haiyang & Kang, Yanqiong, 2016. "State-of-health estimation of lithium-ion battery packs in electric vehicles based on genetic resampling particle filter," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 558-568.
    13. Victor Pizarro-Carmona & Marcelo Cortés-Carmona & Rodrigo Palma-Behnke & Williams Calderón-Muñoz & Marcos E. Orchard & Pablo A. Estévez, 2019. "An Optimized Impedance Model for the Estimation of the State-of-Charge of a Li-Ion Cell: The Case of a LiFePO 4 (ANR26650)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-16, February.
    14. Zhang, Xu & Wang, Yujie & Wu, Ji & Chen, Zonghai, 2018. "A novel method for lithium-ion battery state of energy and state of power estimation based on multi-time-scale filter," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 442-451.
    15. Tie Li & Yunlu Li & Junyou Yang & Weichun Ge & Bo Hu, 2019. "A Modified DSC-Based Grid Synchronization Method for a High Renewable Penetrated Power System Under Distorted Voltage Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-19, October.
    16. Chengjun Xia & Xia Hua & Zhen Wang & Zhenlin Huang, 2018. "Analytical Calculation for Multi-Infeed Interaction Factors Considering Control Modes of High Voltage Direct Current Links," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-19, June.
    17. Esfandyari, M.J. & Esfahanian, V. & Hairi Yazdi, M.R. & Nehzati, H. & Shekoofa, O., 2019. "A new approach to consider the influence of aging state on Lithium-ion battery state of power estimation for hybrid electric vehicle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 505-520.
    18. Mohamed Tolba & Hegazy Rezk & Ahmed A. Zaki Diab & Mujahed Al-Dhaifallah, 2018. "A Novel Robust Methodology Based Salp Swarm Algorithm for Allocation and Capacity of Renewable Distributed Generators on Distribution Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-34, September.
    19. Cristian Verdugo & Samir Kouro & Christian A. Rojas & Marcelo A. Perez & Thierry Meynard & Mariusz Malinowski, 2019. "Five-Level T-type Cascade Converter for Rooftop Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-20, May.
    20. Jesús Muñoz-Cruzado-Alba & Rossano Musca & Javier Ballestín-Fuertes & José F. Sanz-Osorio & David Miguel Rivas-Ascaso & Michael P. Jones & Angelo Catania & Emil Goosen, 2021. "Power Grid Integration and Use-Case Study of Acid-Base Flow Battery Technology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-27, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:7:p:1227-:d:218468. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.