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Optimization of Component Sizing for a Fuel Cell-Powered Truck to Minimize Ownership Cost

Author

Listed:
  • Kyuhyun Sim

    (Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea)

  • Ram Vijayagopal

    (Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA)

  • Namdoo Kim

    (Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA)

  • Aymeric Rousseau

    (Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA)

Abstract

In this study, we consider fuel cell-powered electric trucks (FCETs) as an alternative to conventional medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. FCETs use a battery combined with onboard hydrogen storage for energy storage. The additional battery provides regenerative braking and better fuel economy, but it will also increase the initial cost of the vehicle. Heavier reliance on stored hydrogen might be cheaper initially, but operational costs will be higher because hydrogen is more expensive than electricity. Achieving the right tradeoff between these power and energy choices is necessary to reduce the ownership cost of the vehicle. This paper develops an optimum component sizing algorithm for FCETs. The truck vehicle model was developed in Autonomie, a platform for modelling vehicle energy consumption and performance. The algorithm optimizes component sizes to minimize overall ownership cost, while ensuring that the FCET matches or exceeds the performance and cargo capacity of a conventional vehicle. Class 4 delivery truck and class 8 linehaul trucks are shown as examples. We estimate the ownership cost for various hydrogen costs, powertrain components, ownership periods, and annual vehicle miles travelled.

Suggested Citation

  • Kyuhyun Sim & Ram Vijayagopal & Namdoo Kim & Aymeric Rousseau, 2019. "Optimization of Component Sizing for a Fuel Cell-Powered Truck to Minimize Ownership Cost," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:6:p:1125-:d:216401
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Al-Alawi, Baha M. & Bradley, Thomas H., 2013. "Review of hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and electric vehicle market modeling Studies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 190-203.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shantanu Pardhi & Sajib Chakraborty & Dai-Duong Tran & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Steven Wilkins & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "A Review of Fuel Cell Powertrains for Long-Haul Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Technology, Hydrogen, Energy and Thermal Management Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-55, December.
    2. Donkyu Baek & Yukai Chen & Naehyuck Chang & Enrico Macii & Massimo Poncino, 2020. "Optimal Battery Sizing for Electric Truck Delivery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Xiaohong Jiang & Xiucheng Guo, 2020. "Evaluation of Performance and Technological Characteristics of Battery Electric Logistics Vehicles: China as a Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-23, May.
    4. Carlo Cunanan & Manh-Kien Tran & Youngwoo Lee & Shinghei Kwok & Vincent Leung & Michael Fowler, 2021. "A Review of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Powertrain Technologies: Diesel Engine Vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicles, and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 3(2), pages 1-16, June.
    5. Ren, Lei & Zhou, Sheng & Peng, Tianduo & Ou, Xunmin, 2022. "Greenhouse gas life cycle analysis of China's fuel cell medium- and heavy-duty trucks under segmented usage scenarios and vehicle types," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    6. Molina, S. & Novella, R. & Pla, B. & Lopez-Juarez, M., 2021. "Optimization and sizing of a fuel cell range extender vehicle for passenger car applications in driving cycle conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    7. Kiyoung Kim & Namdoo Kim & Jongryeol Jeong & Sunghwan Min & Horim Yang & Ram Vijayagopal & Aymeric Rousseau & Suk Won Cha, 2021. "A Component-Sizing Methodology for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using an Optimization Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, May.
    8. Warren S. Vaz, 2020. "Multiobjective Optimization of a Residential Grid-Tied Solar System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-15, October.
    9. Feng, Yanbiao & Dong, Zuomin, 2020. "Integrated design and control optimization of fuel cell hybrid mining truck with minimized lifecycle cost," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    10. Anselma, Pier Giuseppe & Belingardi, Giovanni, 2022. "Fuel cell electrified propulsion systems for long-haul heavy-duty trucks: present and future cost-oriented sizing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).

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