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Experimental Analysis of Brewers’ Spent Grains Steam Gasification in an Allothermal Batch Reactor

Author

Listed:
  • Sérgio Ferreira

    (CT2M—Centre for Mechanical and Materials Technologies, Mechanical Engineering Department of Minho University, 4804-533 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Eliseu Monteiro

    (VALORIZA-Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorisation, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal
    CIENER-LAETA/Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

  • Paulo Brito

    (VALORIZA-Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorisation, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal)

  • Carlos Castro

    (CT2M—Centre for Mechanical and Materials Technologies, Mechanical Engineering Department of Minho University, 4804-533 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Luís Calado

    (VALORIZA-Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorisation, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal)

  • Cândida Vilarinho

    (CT2M—Centre for Mechanical and Materials Technologies, Mechanical Engineering Department of Minho University, 4804-533 Guimarães, Portugal)

Abstract

In this work, brewers’ spent grains (BSG) were evaluated and studied in order to obtain a combustible gas by means of allothermal steam gasification. BSG were preprocessed in a rotary dryer and a pelletizer prior to gasification in an indirectly heated batch reactor. BSG characterization was conducted by means of proximate, ultimate, and thermogravimetric analysis, allowing us to conclude that BSG have characteristics comparable to those of regular lignocellulosic biomasses. Gasification tests were performed in an allothermal bench-scale batch reactor in order to determine the effect of temperature and steam-to-biomass ratio (S/B) in the produced gas. The produced gas was mainly composed of 22.8–30.2% H 2 , 15.1–22.3% CO, and 7.2–11.1% CH 4 , contributing to a heating value of 8.11–9.0 MJ/Nm 3 with the higher values found for a low S/B ratio and for high temperatures. The performance of the process was assessed by evaluating the cold gas and carbon conversion efficiencies. These indicators were found to be in the ranges 47.0%–52.1% and 57.0%–62.7%, respectively. The main conclusion of this work is that the produced gas obtained from BSG steam gasification has sufficient quality to open other options to beer producers to use their own brewing wastes to satisfy their energy needs, allowing them to progress toward the circular economy concept.

Suggested Citation

  • Sérgio Ferreira & Eliseu Monteiro & Paulo Brito & Carlos Castro & Luís Calado & Cândida Vilarinho, 2019. "Experimental Analysis of Brewers’ Spent Grains Steam Gasification in an Allothermal Batch Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:5:p:912-:d:212374
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    6. Sandra Untoria & Abel Rouboa & Eliseu Monteiro, 2024. "Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Production from Gasification of Sewage Sludge: Catalonia Case," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-13, March.
    7. Bernardino Novais & Ana Ramos & Abel Rouboa & Eliseu Monteiro, 2023. "Air-Blown Biomass Gasification Process Intensification for Green Hydrogen Production: Modeling and Simulation in Aspen Plus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-12, November.
    8. Eliseu Monteiro & Sérgio Ferreira, 2022. "Biomass Waste for Energy Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-5, August.
    9. Sérgio Ferreira & Eliseu Monteiro & Luís Calado & Valter Silva & Paulo Brito & Cândida Vilarinho, 2019. "Experimental and Modeling Analysis of Brewers´ Spent Grains Gasification in a Downdraft Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-18, November.
    10. Yin, Kexin & Wang, Yangyang & Wu, Qiming & Zhang, Jifu & Zhou, Yaru & Xu, Zaifeng & Zhu, Zhaoyou & Qi, Jianguang & Wang, Yinglong & Cui, Peizhe, 2024. "Thermodynamic analysis of a plasma co-gasification process for hydrogen production using sludge and food waste as mixed raw materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    11. Tiziana Amoriello & Roberto Ciccoritti, 2021. "Sustainability: Recovery and Reuse of Brewing-Derived By-Products," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-4, February.
    12. HajiHashemi, MohammadSina & Mazhkoo, Shahin & Dadfar, Hossein & Livani, Ehsan & Naseri Varnosefaderani, Aliakbar & Pourali, Omid & Najafi Nobar, Shima & Dutta, Animesh, 2023. "Combined heat and power production in a pilot-scale biomass gasification system: Experimental study and kinetic simulation using ASPEN Plus," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    13. Rosamaria Iadecola & Roberto Ciccoritti & Brunella Ceccantoni & Andrea Bellincontro & Tiziana Amoriello, 2022. "Optimization of Phenolic Compound Extraction from Brewers’ Spent Grain Using Ultrasound Technologies Coupled with Response Surface Methodology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-17, March.
    14. Suparmin, Prayudi & Purwanti, Nanik & Oscar Nelwan, Leopold & Halomoan Tambunan, Armansyah, 2024. "Syngas production by biomass gasification: A meta-analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    15. Davide Assandri & Niccolò Pampuro & Giacomo Zara & Eugenio Cavallo & Marilena Budroni, 2020. "Suitability of Composting Process for the Disposal and Valorization of Brewer’s Spent Grain," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.

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