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Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Impacts Analysis of Direct Methanation of Glycerol to Bio-Synthetic Natural Gas at a Biodiesel Refinery

Author

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  • Robert White

    (Centre for Doctoral Training Bioenergy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
    School of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Freddy Segundo Navarro-Pineda

    (Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérid 97000, Mexico)

  • Timothy Cockerill

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
    Centre for Integrated Energy Research, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Valerie Dupont

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Julio César Sacramento Rivero

    (Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérid 97000, Mexico)

Abstract

An economic and environmental feasibility study were carried out on the thermochemical conversion of glycerol to medium methane content biological synthetic natural gas (bio-SNG). A plant that processed 497 kg·h −1 of glycerol to bio-SNG was modelled as an on-site addition to a soybean biodiesel plant based in Missouri (USA) that produced 30 million litres of soybean biodiesel per year. Assuming the glycerol contained only 80 wt% free glycerol, the bio-SNG could substitute up to 24% of the natural gas at the soybean biodiesel plant. The discounted cash flow analysis showed it was possible to generate positive NPVs and achieve internal rates of return within the hurdle rate (12%) for biomass gasification technologies. From the environmental analysis it was found that the bio-SNG could reduce global warming potential by 28% when compared to conventional natural gas in the USA and translates to roughly 7% reduction in biodiesel natural gas emissions, if the maximum 24% of natural gas were to be substituted by bio-SNG. The work highlights the potential to divert waste glycerol to an onsite energy vector at soybean biodiesel plants with minimal change to the main biodiesel production process and potential reductions to soybean biodiesel global warming potential.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert White & Freddy Segundo Navarro-Pineda & Timothy Cockerill & Valerie Dupont & Julio César Sacramento Rivero, 2019. "Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Impacts Analysis of Direct Methanation of Glycerol to Bio-Synthetic Natural Gas at a Biodiesel Refinery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-20, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:678-:d:207500
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Abel Rodrigues & João Carlos Bordado & Rui Galhano dos Santos, 2017. "Upgrading the Glycerol from Biodiesel Production as a Source of Energy Carriers and Chemicals—A Technological Review for Three Chemical Pathways," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-36, November.
    2. He, Quan (Sophia) & McNutt, Josiah & Yang, Jie, 2017. "Utilization of the residual glycerol from biodiesel production for renewable energy generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 63-76.
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    4. Tran, Thomas T.D. & Smith, Amanda D., 2018. "Incorporating performance-based global sensitivity and uncertainty analysis into LCOE calculations for emerging renewable energy technologies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 157-171.
    5. Rotunno, Paolo & Lanzini, Andrea & Leone, Pierluigi, 2017. "Energy and economic analysis of a water scrubbing based biogas upgrading process for biomethane injection into the gas grid or use as transportation fuel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(PB), pages 417-432.
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