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Hydro-Pyrolysis and Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass and Its Hydroxy Residue Fast Pyrolysis Vapors

Author

Listed:
  • Yichen Liu

    (Carbolea Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland)

  • James J. Leahy

    (Carbolea Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
    Bernall Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland)

  • Jacek Grams

    (Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Witold Kwapinski

    (Carbolea Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
    Bernall Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland)

Abstract

Fast pyrolysis of Miscanthus, its hydrolysis residue and lignin were carried with a pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) followed by online vapor catalytic upgrading with sulfated ZrO 2 , sulfated TiO 2 and sulfated 60 wt.% ZrO 2 -TiO 2 . The most evident influence of the catalyst on the vapor phase composition was observed for aromatic hydrocarbons, light phenols and heavy phenols. A larger amount of light phenols was detected, especially when 60 wt.% ZrO 2 -TiO 2 was present. Thus, a lower average molecular weight and lower viscosity of bio-oil could be obtained with this catalyst. Pyrolysis was also performed at different pressures of hydrogen. The pressure of H2 has a great effect on the overall yield and the composition of biomass vapors. The peak area percentages of both aromatic hydrocarbons and cyclo-alkanes are enhanced with the increasing of H2 pressure. The overall yields are higher with the addition of either H 2 or sulfated catalysts. This is beneficial as phenols are valuable chemicals, thus, increasing the value of bio-oil. The results show that the hydrolysis residue has the potential to become a resource for phenol production.

Suggested Citation

  • Yichen Liu & James J. Leahy & Jacek Grams & Witold Kwapinski, 2019. "Hydro-Pyrolysis and Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass and Its Hydroxy Residue Fast Pyrolysis Vapors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:18:p:3474-:d:265523
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Qiang Lu & Zhi-Fei Zhang & Chang-Qing Dong & Xi-Feng Zhu, 2010. "Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Vapors with Nano Metal Oxides: An Analytical Py-GC/MS Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 3(11), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Xu, Ying & Wang, Tiejun & Ma, Longlong & Zhang, Qi & Liang, Wei, 2010. "Upgrading of the liquid fuel from fast pyrolysis of biomass over MoNi/[gamma]-Al2O3 catalysts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(9), pages 2886-2891, September.
    3. Richard Ahorsu & Francesc Medina & Magda Constantí, 2018. "Significance and Challenges of Biomass as a Suitable Feedstock for Bioenergy and Biochemical Production: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-19, December.
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    1. Li, Tan & Su, Jing & Wang, Huiyuan & Wang, Cong & Xie, Wen & Wang, Kaige, 2022. "Catalytic hydropyrolysis of lignin using NiMo-doped catalysts: Catalyst evaluation and mechanism analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).

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