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Impedance Characterization and Modeling of Lithium-Ion Batteries Considering the Internal Temperature Gradient

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  • Haifeng Dai

    (National Fuel Cell Vehicle & Powertrain System Research & Engineering Center, No. 4800, Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
    School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, No. 4800, Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Bo Jiang

    (National Fuel Cell Vehicle & Powertrain System Research & Engineering Center, No. 4800, Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
    School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, No. 4800, Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Xuezhe Wei

    (National Fuel Cell Vehicle & Powertrain System Research & Engineering Center, No. 4800, Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
    School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, No. 4800, Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China)

Abstract

Battery impedance is essential to the management of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EVs), and impedance characterization can help to monitor and predict the battery states. Many studies have been undertaken to investigate impedance characterization and the factors that influence impedance. However, few studies regarding the influence of the internal temperature gradient, which is caused by heat generation during operation, have been presented. We have comprehensively studied the influence of the internal temperature gradient on impedance characterization and the modeling of battery impedance, and have proposed a discretization model to capture battery impedance characterization considering the temperature gradient. Several experiments, including experiments with artificial temperature gradients, are designed and implemented to study the influence of the internal temperature gradient on battery impedance. Based on the experimental results, the parameters of the non-linear impedance model are obtained, and the relationship between the parameters and temperature is further established. The experimental results show that the temperature gradient will influence battery impedance and the temperature distribution can be considered to be approximately linear. The verification results indicate that the proposed discretization model has a good performance and can be used to describe the actual characterization of the battery with an internal temperature gradient.

Suggested Citation

  • Haifeng Dai & Bo Jiang & Xuezhe Wei, 2018. "Impedance Characterization and Modeling of Lithium-Ion Batteries Considering the Internal Temperature Gradient," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:220-:d:127410
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jiangong Zhu & Zechang Sun & Xuezhe Wei & Haifeng Dai, 2017. "Battery Internal Temperature Estimation for LiFePO 4 Battery Based on Impedance Phase Shift under Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, January.
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    Cited by:

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    7. Qi Yao & Dylan-Dah-Chuan Lu & Gang Lei, 2021. "Accurate Online Battery Impedance Measurement Method with Low Output Voltage Ripples on Power Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-16, February.

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