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The Influence of the Use of Windrowers in Baler Machinery on the Energy Balance during Pruned Biomass Harvesting in the Apple Orchard

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  • Arkadiusz Dyjakon

    (Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland)

Abstract

The effective operation of machinery in agricultural processes is crucial in terms of energy efficiency, economic consequences, and environmental footprint. The agricultural sector provides many opportunities to bring biomass to the market. An interesting option is to collect the branches after a regular pruning of apple orchards in the winter-spring season. As the harvesting of pruning residues in apple orchards for energy purposes demands additional primary energy, any measures that increase the amount of collected biomass are desirable. In this study, the influence of pruning harvesting using a baler with and without windrowers on pruning biomass yield, energy input and output flow, energy balance, CO 2 emission reduction, and costs of that operation in apple orchards was investigated. The performed analysis, based on the results from two apple orchards, revealed that the energy balance was positive for both variants. However, in comparison with the harvesting process without windrowers, the use of windrowers in these two orchards caused an increase in pruning biomass yield by 0.45 tDM·ha −1 per year (25%) and 0.54 tDM·ha −1 per year (33%), respectively. The energy balance increased up by ca. 0.8–1.0 GJ·ha −1 , although the fuel consumption by the tractor was higher. The use of windrowers did not significantly increase the costs, but resulted in remarkably better income from biomass selling (ca. €30–40 ha −1 ). Finally, the increase in the mass of harvested biomass led to a higher potential CO 2 emission reduction. As a result, pruning biomass is an attractive source of energy, especially for local markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Arkadiusz Dyjakon, 2018. "The Influence of the Use of Windrowers in Baler Machinery on the Energy Balance during Pruned Biomass Harvesting in the Apple Orchard," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:11:p:3236-:d:184543
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Luigi Pari & Alessandro Suardi & Leonardo Longo & Monica Carnevale & Francesco Gallucci, 2018. "Jatropha curcas , L. Pruning Residues for Energy: Characteristics of an Untapped By-Product," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-13, June.
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    7. Arkadiusz Dyjakon, 2018. "Harvesting and Baling of Pruned Biomass in Apple Orchards for Energy Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-14, June.
    8. Boschiero, Martina & Kelderer, Markus & Schmitt, Armin O. & Andreotti, Carlo & Zerbe, Stefan, 2015. "Influence of agricultural residues interpretation and allocation procedures on the environmental performance of bioelectricity production – A case study on woodchips from apple orchards," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 235-245.
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    1. Arkadiusz Dyjakon & Daniel García-Galindo, 2019. "Implementing Agricultural Pruning to Energy in Europe: Technical, Economic and Implementation Potentials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-28, April.
    2. Alessandro Suardi & Francesco Latterini & Vincenzo Alfano & Nadia Palmieri & Simone Bergonzoli & Emmanouil Karampinis & Michael Alexandros Kougioumtzis & Panagiotis Grammelis & Luigi Pari, 2020. "Machine Performance and Hog Fuel Quality Evaluation in Olive Tree Pruning Harvesting Conducted Using a Towed Shredder on Flat and Hilly Fields," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-16, April.
    3. Arkadiusz Dyjakon, 2019. "The Influence of Apple Orchard Management on Energy Performance and Pruned Biomass Harvesting for Energetic Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-16, February.
    4. Arkadiusz Dyjakon & Tomasz Noszczyk & Martyna Smędzik, 2019. "The Influence of Torrefaction Temperature on Hydrophobic Properties of Waste Biomass from Food Processing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-17, December.
    5. Iosvany López-Sandin & Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Soto & Adriana Gutiérrez-Díez & Nancy Medina-Herrera & Edgar Gutiérrez-Castorena & Francisco Zavala-García, 2019. "Evaluation of the Use of Energy in the Production of Sweet Sorghum ( Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) under Different Production Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-13, May.

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