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Experimental Study on the Performance of Water Source Trans-Critical CO 2 Heat Pump Water Heater

Author

Listed:
  • Xiufang Liu

    (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

  • Changhai Liu

    (School of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

  • Ze Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

  • Liang Chen

    (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
    Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy, Suzhou 215123, China)

  • Yu Hou

    (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

Abstract

The effect of the discharge pressure on the performance of the trans-critical CO 2 heat pump with a low gas-cooler outlet temperature is experimentally investigated on a test rig of water source heat-pump water heater. The optimal discharge pressure of the trans-critical CO 2 heat pump is investigated under different external operation conditions. When the tap-water temperature is low, the characteristic of the S-shape isotherm at the supercritical region has little effect on the occurrence of the optimal discharge pressure; while the mass flow rate of CO 2 , the suction pressure and the gas-cooler outlet temperature play a significant role in determining the emergence of the optimal discharge pressure. At the optimal discharge pressure, the COP reaches the peak; however, the corresponding heating capacity is still lower than its maximum, which is reached as the discharge pressure is slightly above the optimal discharge pressure. Reducing the tap-water flowrate or increasing the water-source temperature can increase the optimal discharge pressure. The COP is positively dependent on both the tap-water flowrate and the water-source temperature. In addition, the tap-water flowrate has a negligible influence on the maximum heating capacity while increasing the water-source temperature can greatly enhance the heating capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiufang Liu & Changhai Liu & Ze Zhang & Liang Chen & Yu Hou, 2017. "Experimental Study on the Performance of Water Source Trans-Critical CO 2 Heat Pump Water Heater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:6:p:810-:d:101452
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ohkura, Masashi & Yokoyama, Ryohei & Nakamata, Takuya & Wakui, Tetsuya, 2015. "Numerical analysis on performance enhancement of a CO2 heat pump water heating system by extracting tepid water," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 435-447.
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    3. Hu, Bin & Li, Yaoyu & Cao, Feng & Xing, Ziwen, 2015. "Extremum seeking control of COP optimization for air-source transcritical CO2 heat pump water heater system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 361-372.
    4. Zhang, Jian-Fei & Qin, Yan & Wang, Chi-Chuan, 2015. "Review on CO2 heat pump water heater for residential use in Japan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1383-1391.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fan Feng & Ze Zhang & Xiufang Liu & Changhai Liu & Yu Hou, 2020. "The Influence of Internal Heat Exchanger on the Performance of Transcritical CO 2 Water Source Heat Pump Water Heater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Xiang Gou & Shian Liu & Yang Fu & Qiyan Zhang & Saima Iram & Yingfan Liu, 2018. "Experimental Study on the Performance of a Household Dual-Source Heat Pump Water Heater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-18, October.
    3. Ignacio López Paniagua & Ángel Jiménez Álvaro & Javier Rodríguez Martín & Celina González Fernández & Rafael Nieto Carlier, 2019. "Comparison of Transcritical CO 2 and Conventional Refrigerant Heat Pump Water Heaters for Domestic Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-17, February.

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