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Efficient Low Temperature Hydrothermal Carbonization of Chinese Reed for Biochar with High Energy Density

Author

Listed:
  • Chang Liu

    (School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
    Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS. No. 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China)

  • Xin Huang

    (School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China)

  • Lingzhao Kong

    (Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS. No. 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China)

Abstract

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), as an environmental friendly process, presents wide potential applicability for converting biomass to biochar with high energy density. Reed, a major energy crop, was converted by a HTC process in a batch reactor at 200–280 °C for 0.5 to 4 h. Biochar mass yield changed from 66.7% to 19.2% and high heating value (HHV) from 20.0 kJ/g to 28.3 kJ/g, respectively, by increasing the carbonization temperature from 200 °C to 280 °C and decreasing the residence time from 2 h to 1 h. The Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) results indicated the lignocellulosic crosslink structure of reed is broken and biochar having a high energy density is obtained with the increase of temperature. The microcrystal features of reed are destroyed and biochar contained mainly lignin fractions. The HTC of biocrude is carried out at 200–280 °C for 2.0 h and the results showed that the obtained biochar has uniform particles filled with carbon microspheres.

Suggested Citation

  • Chang Liu & Xin Huang & Lingzhao Kong, 2017. "Efficient Low Temperature Hydrothermal Carbonization of Chinese Reed for Biochar with High Energy Density," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:12:p:2094-:d:122426
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gao, Pin & Zhou, Yiyuan & Meng, Fang & Zhang, Yihui & Liu, Zhenhong & Zhang, Wenqi & Xue, Gang, 2016. "Preparation and characterization of hydrochar from waste eucalyptus bark by hydrothermal carbonization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 238-245.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Zhiyu Li & Weiming Yi & Zhihe Li & Chunyan Tian & Peng Fu & Yuchun Zhang & Ling Zhou & Jie Teng, 2020. "Preparation of Solid Fuel Hydrochar over Hydrothermal Carbonization of Red Jujube Branch," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-10, January.
    3. Daniele Basso & Elsa Weiss-Hortala & Francesco Patuzzi & Marco Baratieri & Luca Fiori, 2018. "In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Mejdi Jeguirim & Lionel Limousy, 2019. "Biomass Chars: Elaboration, Characterization and Applications II," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-6, January.

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