IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v10y2017i10p1555-d114462.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Chemical Characteristics and NaCl Component Behavior of Biochar Derived from the Salty Food Waste by Water Flushing

Author

Listed:
  • Ye-Eun Lee

    (Division of Environment and Plant Engineering, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10223, Korea
    Department of Construction Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology, 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon KS015, Korea)

  • Jun-Ho Jo

    (Division of Environment and Plant Engineering, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10223, Korea)

  • I-Tae Kim

    (Division of Environment and Plant Engineering, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10223, Korea)

  • Yeong-Seok Yoo

    (Division of Environment and Plant Engineering, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10223, Korea
    Department of Construction Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology, 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon KS015, Korea)

Abstract

Biochar is the product of the pyrolysis of organic materials in a reduced state. In recent years, biochar has received attention due to its applicability to organic waste management, thereby leading to active research on biochar. However, there have been few studies using food waste. In particular, the most significant difference between food waste and other organic waste is the high salinity of food waste. Therefore, in this paper, we compare the chemical characteristics of biochar produced using food waste containing low- and high-concentration salt and biochar flushed with water to remove the concentrated salt. In addition, we clarify the salt component behavior of biochar. Peak analysis of XRD confirms that it is difficult to find salt crystals in flushed char since salt remains in the form of crystals when salty food waste is pyrolyzed washed away after water flushing. In addition, the Cl content significantly decreased to 1–2% after flushing, similar to that of Cl content in the standard, non-salted food waste char. On the other hand, a significant amount of Na was found in pyrolyzed char even after flushing resulting from a phenomenon in which salt is dissolved in water while flushing and Na ions are adsorbed. FT-IR analysis showed that salt in waste affects the binding of aromatic carbons to compounds in the pyrolysis process. The NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that the aromatic carbon content, which indicates the stability of biochar, is not influenced by the salt content and increases with increasing pyrolysis temperature.

Suggested Citation

  • Ye-Eun Lee & Jun-Ho Jo & I-Tae Kim & Yeong-Seok Yoo, 2017. "Chemical Characteristics and NaCl Component Behavior of Biochar Derived from the Salty Food Waste by Water Flushing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1555-:d:114462
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1555/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1555/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ioannidou, O. & Zabaniotou, A., 2007. "Agricultural residues as precursors for activated carbon production--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(9), pages 1966-2005, December.
    2. Xing Yang & Hailong Wang & Peter James Strong & Song Xu & Shujuan Liu & Kouping Lu & Kuichuan Sheng & Jia Guo & Lei Che & Lizhi He & Yong Sik Ok & Guodong Yuan & Ying Shen & Xin Chen, 2017. "Thermal Properties of Biochars Derived from Waste Biomass Generated by Agricultural and Forestry Sectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-12, April.
    3. Kevin D Hall & Juen Guo & Michael Dore & Carson C Chow, 2009. "The Progressive Increase of Food Waste in America and Its Environmental Impact," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(11), pages 1-6, November.
    4. Ilaria Zambon & Fabrizio Colosimo & Danilo Monarca & Massimo Cecchini & Francesco Gallucci & Andrea Rosario Proto & Richard Lord & Andrea Colantoni, 2016. "An Innovative Agro-Forestry Supply Chain for Residual Biomass: Physicochemical Characterisation of Biochar from Olive and Hazelnut Pellets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-11, July.
    5. Shi-Xiang Zhao & Na Ta & Xu-Dong Wang, 2017. "Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-15, August.
    6. Johannes Lehmann, 2007. "A handful of carbon," Nature, Nature, vol. 447(7141), pages 143-144, May.
    7. Chamseddine Guizani & Mejdi Jeguirim & Sylvie Valin & Lionel Limousy & Sylvain Salvador, 2017. "Biomass Chars: The Effects of Pyrolysis Conditions on Their Morphology, Structure, Chemical Properties and Reactivity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-18, June.
    8. Patrick Brassard & Stéphane Godbout & Vijaya Raghavan & Joahnn H. Palacios & Michèle Grenier & Dan Zegan, 2017. "The Production of Engineered Biochars in a Vertical Auger Pyrolysis Reactor for Carbon Sequestration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-15, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yoonah Jeong & Ye-Eun Lee & I-Tae Kim, 2020. "Characterization of Sewage Sludge and Food Waste-Based Biochar for Co-Firing in a Coal-Fired Power Plant: A Case Study in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-12, November.
    2. Ye-Eun Lee & Jun-Ho Jo & I-Tae Kim & Yeong-Seok Yoo, 2018. "Value-Added Performance and Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Dumped Food Waste Compost by Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Istvan Bacskai & Viktor Madar & Csaba Fogarassy & Laszlo Toth, 2019. "Modeling of Some Operating Parameters Required for the Development of Fixed Bed Small Scale Pyrolysis Plant," Resources, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-15, April.
    4. Mejdi Jeguirim & Lionel Limousy, 2019. "Biomass Chars: Elaboration, Characterization and Applications II," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-6, January.
    5. Ye-Eun Lee & Jun-Ho Jo & I-Tae Kim & Yeong-Seok Yoo, 2018. "Influence of NaCl Concentration on Food-Waste Biochar Structure and Templating Effects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-16, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shi-Xiang Zhao & Na Ta & Xu-Dong Wang, 2017. "Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Mejdi Jeguirim & Lionel Limousy, 2017. "Biomass Chars: Elaboration, Characterization and Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Alba Dieguez-Alonso & Axel Funke & Andrés Anca-Couce & Alessandro Girolamo Rombolà & Gerardo Ojeda & Jörg Bachmann & Frank Behrendt, 2018. "Towards Biochar and Hydrochar Engineering—Influence of Process Conditions on Surface Physical and Chemical Properties, Thermal Stability, Nutrient Availability, Toxicity and Wettability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-26, February.
    4. Daniele Basso & Elsa Weiss-Hortala & Francesco Patuzzi & Marco Baratieri & Luca Fiori, 2018. "In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-19, May.
    5. Besma Khiari & Mejdi Jeguirim, 2018. "Pyrolysis of Grape Marc from Tunisian Wine Industry: Feedstock Characterization, Thermal Degradation and Kinetic Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-14, March.
    6. Ye-Eun Lee & Jun-Ho Jo & I-Tae Kim & Yeong-Seok Yoo, 2018. "Influence of NaCl Concentration on Food-Waste Biochar Structure and Templating Effects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-16, September.
    7. Ye-Eun Lee & Jun-Ho Jo & I-Tae Kim & Yeong-Seok Yoo, 2018. "Value-Added Performance and Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Dumped Food Waste Compost by Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, April.
    8. Intan Nazirah Mohammad & Clarence M. Ongkudon & Mailin Misson, 2020. "Physicochemical Properties and Lignin Degradation of Thermal-Pretreated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-12, November.
    9. Rhoda Afriyie Mensah & Vigneshwaran Shanmugam & Sreenivasan Narayanan & Nima Razavi & Adrian Ulfberg & Thomas Blanksvärd & Faez Sayahi & Peter Simonsson & Benjamin Reinke & Michael Försth & Gabriel Sa, 2021. "Biochar-Added Cementitious Materials—A Review on Mechanical, Thermal, and Environmental Properties," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-27, August.
    10. Ye-Eun Lee & I-Tae Kim & Yeong-Seok Yoo, 2018. "Stabilization of High-Organic-Content Water Treatment Sludge by Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-14, November.
    11. Saiman Ding & Efthymios Kantarelis & Klas Engvall, 2020. "Effects of Porous Structure Development and Ash on the Steam Gasification Reactivity of Biochar Residues from a Commercial Gasifier at Different Temperatures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-19, September.
    12. Seung-Yong Oh & Young-Man Yoon, 2017. "Energy Recovery Efficiency of Poultry Slaughterhouse Sludge Cake by Hydrothermal Carbonization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-13, November.
    13. Jun-Ho Jo & Seung-Soo Kim & Jae-Wook Shim & Ye-Eun Lee & Yeong-Seok Yoo, 2017. "Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Food Wastes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-13, August.
    14. Lychuk, Taras E. & Hill, Robert L. & Izaurralde, Roberto C. & Momen, Bahram & Thomson, Allison M., 2021. "Evaluation of climate change impacts and effectiveness of adaptation options on nitrate loss, microbial respiration, and soil organic carbon in the Southeastern USA," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    15. Dorward, Leejiah J., 2012. "Where are the best opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the food system (including the food chain)? A comment," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 463-466.
    16. Xia Liu & Juntao Wei & Wei Huo & Guangsuo Yu, 2017. "Gasification under CO 2 –Steam Mixture: Kinetic Model Study Based on Shared Active Sites," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-10, November.
    17. Kanbur, Ravi & Bento, Antonio M. & Leard, Benjamin, 2012. "SUPER-ADDITIONALITY: A Neglected Force in Markets for Carbon Offsets," Working Papers 128811, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    18. Parks, Joanna, 2013. "The Effects of Food Labeling and Dietary Guidance on Nutrition in the United States," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 150583, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    19. Johnson, Lisa K. & Dunning, Rebecca D. & Gunter, Chris C. & Dara Bloom, J. & Boyette, Michael D. & Creamer, Nancy G., 2018. "Field measurement in vegetable crops indicates need for reevaluation of on-farm food loss estimates in North America," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 136-142.
    20. Antoniou, N. & Stavropoulos, G. & Zabaniotou, A., 2014. "Activation of end of life tyres pyrolytic char for enhancing viability of pyrolysis – Critical review, analysis and recommendations for a hybrid dual system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 1053-1073.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1555-:d:114462. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.