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Impact of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on the Development of Rural Territories: Principal Component Analysis in SW Spain, Extremadura (2007–2020)

Author

Listed:
  • Francisco Manuel Martínez García

    (Department of Art and Territorial Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Gema Cárdenas Alonso

    (Department of Art and Territorial Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Ana Nieto Masot

    (Department of Art and Territorial Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

Abstract

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a European Union (EU) policy aimed at supporting farmers, guaranteeing food security, and promoting sustainable rural development, which has undergone numerous reforms to adapt to the needs of the agricultural sector and society in general. The main objective of this work is to statistically analyse CAP aid in southwest Spain, specifically in Extremadura, a region characterised by areas at risk of depopulation and deep rural areas, during the last two periods of European aid (2007–2013 and 2014–2020). In this study, by means of principal component analysis (PCA), agricultural, economic, and demographic variables were interrelated, together with geographic information systems (GIS), to evaluate their impact on the development of the regional agricultural sector. This methodology will help to identify areas with improvements in their territorial structures and can therefore serve as a basis for their application in other European territories. Through the analysis, we identified areas where the interrelation of the variables showed improvements in their demographic, social, and economic structures, with the municipalities of populations over 10,000 inhabitants in Extremadura being the ones that compose the territorial substructure A. Therefore, this work shows how European agricultural aid can disproportionately favour the most dynamic territories and leave the less developed regions at a disadvantage.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Manuel Martínez García & Gema Cárdenas Alonso & Ana Nieto Masot, 2024. "Impact of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on the Development of Rural Territories: Principal Component Analysis in SW Spain, Extremadura (2007–2020)," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:9:p:1497-:d:1469230
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Petrick, Martin & Zier, Patrick, 2012. "Common Agricultural Policy effects on dynamic labour use in agriculture," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 671-678.
    2. Francisco Manuel Martínez García & Ana Nieto Masot & Gema Cárdenas Alonso & José Manuel Pérez Pintor, 2023. "The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in Extremadura (SW Spain) during the Period 2014–2020:New Opportunities for Economic Diversification in Rural Areas?," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, September.
    3. Andrea Bonfiglio & Roberto Henke & Fabio Pierangeli & Maria Rosaria Pupo D'Andrea, 2020. "Effects of redistributing policy support on farmers’ technical efficiency," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 51(2), pages 305-320, March.
    4. Ángela Engelmo Moriche & Ana Nieto Masot & Julián Mora Aliseda, 2021. "Territorial Analysis of the Survival of European Aid to Rural Tourism (Leader Method in SW Spain)," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-24, September.
    5. Simone Severini & Cinzia Zinnanti & Valeria Borsellino & Emanuele Schimmenti, 2021. "EU income stabilization tool: potential impacts, financial sustainability and farmer’s risk aversion," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 9(1), pages 1-21, December.
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