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Milk Yield, Composition, and Fatty Acid Profile in Milk of Dairy Cows Supplemented with Microalgae Schizochytrium sp.: A Meta-Analysis

Author

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  • José Felipe Orzuna-Orzuna

    (Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo C.P. 56230, State of Mexico, Mexico)

  • Juan Eduardo Godina-Rodríguez

    (Campo Experimental Uruapan, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Av. Latinoamérica 1001, Uruapan C.P. 60150, Michoacán, Mexico)

  • Jonathan Raúl Garay-Martínez

    (Campo Experimental Las Huastecas, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Altamira C.P. 89610, Tamaulipas, Mexico)

  • Guillermo Reséndiz-González

    (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán C.P. 54740, State of Mexico, Mexico)

  • Santiago Joaquín-Cancino

    (Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Centro Universitario. Cd., Victoria C.P. 87000, Tamaulipas, Mexico)

  • Alejandro Lara-Bueno

    (Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo C.P. 56230, State of Mexico, Mexico)

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the microalgae (MIAs) Schizochytrium sp. as a dietary supplement for dairy cows with respect to the yield, composition, and fatty acid profile of milk using a meta-analytical method. The data used in the statistical analyses were obtained from 11 peer-reviewed scientific publications. The effect size was assessed using the weighted mean differences (WMDs) between MIA-supplemented and control treatments. Dry matter intake, milk fat yield, and milk fat content decreased ( p < 0.001) in response to the dietary inclusion of Schizochytrium sp. MIAs. However, Schizochytrium sp. MIAs supplementation increased ( p = 0.029) milk yield. The dietary inclusion of Schizochytrium sp. MIAs decreased ( p < 0.05) the content of the fatty acids (FAs) butyric, caproic, caprylic, capric, undecanoic, lauric, pentadecanoic, palmitic, heptadecanoic, stearic, arachidic, and total saturated FAs, and it resulted in a ω-6/ω-3 ratio in milk. In contrast, Schizochytrium sp. MIAs supplementation increased ( p < 0.05) the content of linoleic, conjugated linoleic, eicosapentaenoic, behenic, docosahexaenoic, total monounsaturated FAs, total polyunsaturated FAs, and total omega-3 FAs in milk. The results showed that Schizochytrium sp. MIAs could be used as a dietary supplement to improve the milk yield and fatty acid profile of milk obtained from dairy cows.

Suggested Citation

  • José Felipe Orzuna-Orzuna & Juan Eduardo Godina-Rodríguez & Jonathan Raúl Garay-Martínez & Guillermo Reséndiz-González & Santiago Joaquín-Cancino & Alejandro Lara-Bueno, 2024. "Milk Yield, Composition, and Fatty Acid Profile in Milk of Dairy Cows Supplemented with Microalgae Schizochytrium sp.: A Meta-Analysis," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:7:p:1119-:d:1433000
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andreas Nishikawa-Pacher, 2022. "Research Questions with PICO: A Universal Mnemonic," Publications, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-10, June.
    2. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    3. Viechtbauer, Wolfgang, 2010. "Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 36(i03).
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