IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v13y2023i6p1192-d1163192.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Life Cycle Assessment of Olive Oil Production in Turkey, a Territory with an Intensive Production Project

Author

Listed:
  • Beatriz Ruiz-Carrasco

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Linares Higher Polytechnic School, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain)

  • Lázuli Fernández-Lobato

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Linares Higher Polytechnic School, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain)

  • Yaiza López-Sánchez

    (Department of Applied Economics, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain)

  • David Vera

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Linares Higher Polytechnic School, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain)

Abstract

The global warming fight should focus on agriculture, especially on olive crops, due to their potential role in combating it. One of the leading olive oil-producing countries is Turkey; therefore, evaluating and quantifying the environmental impacts of its olive oil production is essential. This is the first analysis of Turkey that encompasses both the farming and the industrial phases through a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA). As a representative value chain, it was considered an intensive system, according to the representativeness of rainfed and irrigated areas, with two-phase and three-phase olive oil extraction in Turkey. In the climate change category, analysis results gave a value of 3.04 kg of CO 2 equivalent for 1 kg of unpackaged virgin olive oil. The phase that contributes the most in all impact categories is the farming phase (2.53 kg of CO 2 equivalent), whereas the most impactful activities are fertilization and irrigation (69.5% of impact in this stage). The results have been compared to others obtained by different value chains, revealing an intermediate position in environmental impact. It can be concluded that better agricultural practices should be implemented, including the optimization of energy and water systems, in order to minimize the negative environmental effect of olive oil production.

Suggested Citation

  • Beatriz Ruiz-Carrasco & Lázuli Fernández-Lobato & Yaiza López-Sánchez & David Vera, 2023. "Life Cycle Assessment of Olive Oil Production in Turkey, a Territory with an Intensive Production Project," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-23, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:6:p:1192-:d:1163192
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/6/1192/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/6/1192/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ramos, João S. & Ferreira, Ana F., 2022. "Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment of olive and wine industry co-products valorisation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    2. Proietti, Stefania & Sdringola, Paolo & Desideri, Umberto & Zepparelli, Francesco & Brunori, Antonio & Ilarioni, Luana & Nasini, Luigi & Regni, Luca & Proietti, Primo, 2014. "Carbon footprint of an olive tree grove," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 115-124.
    3. Carlo Russo & Giulio Mario Cappelletti & Giuseppe Martino Nicoletti & Alfredo Ernesto Di Noia & George Michalopoulos, 2016. "Comparison of European Olive Production Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-11, August.
    4. Rajaeifar, Mohammad Ali & Akram, Asadolah & Ghobadian, Barat & Rafiee, Shahin & Heijungs, Reinout & Tabatabaei, Meisam, 2016. "Environmental impact assessment of olive pomace oil biodiesel production and consumption: A comparative lifecycle assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 87-102.
    5. El Hanandeh, Ali & Gharaibeh, Mamoun A., 2016. "Environmental efficiency of olive oil production by small and micro-scale farmers in northern Jordan: Life cycle assessment," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 169-177.
    6. Rajaeifar, Mohammad Ali & Akram, Asadolah & Ghobadian, Barat & Rafiee, Shahin & Heidari, Mohammad Davoud, 2014. "Energy-economic life cycle assessment (LCA) and greenhouse gas emissions analysis of olive oil production in Iran," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 139-149.
    7. Ahlem Jellali & Wafik Hachicha & Awad M. Aljuaid, 2021. "Sustainable Configuration of the Tunisian Olive Oil Supply Chain Using a Fuzzy TOPSIS-Based Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-19, January.
    8. Donatella Restuccia & Sabrina Antonia Prencipe & Marco Ruggeri & Umile Gianfranco Spizzirri, 2022. "Sustainability Assessment of Different Extra Virgin Olive Oil Extraction Methods through a Life Cycle Thinking Approach: Challenges and Opportunities in the Elaio-Technical Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-18, November.
    9. Ileana Blanco & Luigi De Bellis & Andrea Luvisi, 2022. "Bibliometric Mapping of Research on Life Cycle Assessment of Olive Oil Supply Chain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-25, March.
    10. Parascanu, M.M. & Puig Gamero, M. & Sánchez, P. & Soreanu, G. & Valverde, J.L. & Sanchez-Silva, L., 2018. "Life cycle assessment of olive pomace valorisation through pyrolysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 589-601.
    11. Christoforou, Elias A. & Fokaides, Paris A., 2016. "Life cycle assessment (LCA) of olive husk torrefaction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 257-266.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Magdalena Wróbel-Jędrzejewska & Ewelina Włodarczyk, 2023. "Comparison of Carbon Footprint Analysis Methods in Grain Processing—Studies Using Flour Production as an Example," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Donatella Restuccia & Sabrina Antonia Prencipe & Marco Ruggeri & Umile Gianfranco Spizzirri, 2022. "Sustainability Assessment of Different Extra Virgin Olive Oil Extraction Methods through a Life Cycle Thinking Approach: Challenges and Opportunities in the Elaio-Technical Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Parascanu, M.M. & Puig Gamero, M. & Sánchez, P. & Soreanu, G. & Valverde, J.L. & Sanchez-Silva, L., 2018. "Life cycle assessment of olive pomace valorisation through pyrolysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 589-601.
    3. Salvatore Camposeo & Gaetano Alessandro Vivaldi & Giovanni Russo & Francesca Maria Melucci, 2022. "Intensification in Olive Growing Reduces Global Warming Potential under Both Integrated and Organic Farming," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Carmen Ferrara & Giovanni De Feo, 2023. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Two Different Packaging Systems for Extra-Virgin Olive Oil: Glass Bottle vs. 100% Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Bottle," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.
    5. Khoshnevisan, Benyamin & Shafiei, Marzieh & Rajaeifar, Mohammad Ali & Tabatabaei, Meisam, 2016. "Biogas and bioethanol production from pinewood pre-treated with steam explosion and N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO): A comparative life cycle assessment approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 935-950.
    6. Nabavi-Pelesaraei, Ashkan & Azadi, Hossein & Van Passel, Steven & Saber, Zahra & Hosseini-Fashami, Fatemeh & Mostashari-Rad, Fatemeh & Ghasemi-Mobtaker, Hassan, 2021. "Prospects of solar systems in production chain of sunflower oil using cold press method with concentrating energy and life cycle assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    7. Zhen, Wei & Qin, Quande & Miao, Lu, 2023. "The greenhouse gas rebound effect from increased energy efficiency across China's staple crops," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    8. Zang, Guiyan & Zhang, Jianan & Jia, Junxi & Lora, Electo Silva & Ratner, Albert, 2020. "Life cycle assessment of power-generation systems based on biomass integrated gasification combined cycles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 336-346.
    9. Yamna Erraach & W. Slimi & Mechthild Donner & Ivana Radic & Feliu López-I-Gelats & Judit Manuel-I-Martin & Fatima El Hadad & Sandrine Costa & Taoufik Yatribi, 2021. "Consumer knowledge and perceptions of circular economy in the olive oil sector: a study of Tunisians consumers," Post-Print hal-03346746, HAL.
    10. Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann & Magdalena Borzęcka & Katarzyna Żyłowska & Andrea Pisanelli & Giuseppe Russo & Bhim Bahadur Ghaley, 2020. "Environmental Impact Assessments of Integrated Food and Non-Food Production Systems in Italy and Denmark," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-11, February.
    11. Victoria Vicario-Modroño & Rosa Gallardo-Cobos & Pedro Sánchez-Zamora, 2023. "Sustainability evaluation of olive oil mills in Andalusia (Spain): a study based on composite indicators," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(7), pages 6363-6392, July.
    12. Antonio Alberto Rodríguez Sousa & Claudia Tribaldos-Anda & Sergio A. Prats & Clarisse Brígido & José Muñoz-Rojas & Alejandro J. Rescia, 2022. "Impacts of Fertilization on Environmental Quality across a Gradient of Olive Grove Management Systems in Alentejo (Portugal)," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-19, December.
    13. Dong Lin Loo & Yew Heng Teoh & Heoy Geok How & Jun Sheng Teh & Liviu Catalin Andrei & Slađana Starčević & Farooq Sher, 2021. "Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-31, August.
    14. Sahar Safarian & Seyed Mohammad Ebrahimi Saryazdi & Runar Unnthorsson & Christiaan Richter, 2021. "Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Bioethanol Production Via Syngas Fermentation," Biophysical Economics and Resource Quality, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 1-13, March.
    15. Nadia Vignozzi & Maria Costanza Andrenelli & Alessandro Elio Agnelli & Angelo Fiore & Sergio Pellegrini, 2023. "Short-Term Effect of Different Inputs of Organic Amendments from Olive Oil Industry By-Products on Soil Organic Carbon and Physical Properties," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-13, August.
    16. John, Monnie & Abdullah, Mohammad Omar & Hua, Tan Yie & Nolasco-Hipólito, Cirilo, 2021. "Techno-economical and energy analysis of sunflower oil biodiesel synthesis assisted with waste ginger leaves derived catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 815-828.
    17. Frits K. Van Evert & Daniel Gaitán-Cremaschi & Spyros Fountas & Corné Kempenaar, 2017. "Can Precision Agriculture Increase the Profitability and Sustainability of the Production of Potatoes and Olives?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-24, October.
    18. Su, Bin & Ang, B.W., 2015. "Multiplicative decomposition of aggregate carbon intensity change using input–output analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 13-20.
    19. Riccardo Accorsi & Lorenzo Versari & Riccardo Manzini, 2015. "Glass vs. Plastic: Life Cycle Assessment of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Bottles across Global Supply Chains," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-23, March.
    20. Zhang, Congyu & Yang, Wu & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Ho, Shih-Hsin & Pétrissans, Anelie & Pétrissans, Mathieu, 2022. "Effect of torrefaction on the structure and reactivity of rice straw as well as life cycle assessment of torrefaction process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:6:p:1192-:d:1163192. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.