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Life Cycle Assessment of Olive Oil Production in Turkey, a Territory with an Intensive Production Project

Author

Listed:
  • Beatriz Ruiz-Carrasco

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Linares Higher Polytechnic School, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain)

  • Lázuli Fernández-Lobato

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Linares Higher Polytechnic School, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain)

  • Yaiza López-Sánchez

    (Department of Applied Economics, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain)

  • David Vera

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Linares Higher Polytechnic School, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain)

Abstract

The global warming fight should focus on agriculture, especially on olive crops, due to their potential role in combating it. One of the leading olive oil-producing countries is Turkey; therefore, evaluating and quantifying the environmental impacts of its olive oil production is essential. This is the first analysis of Turkey that encompasses both the farming and the industrial phases through a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA). As a representative value chain, it was considered an intensive system, according to the representativeness of rainfed and irrigated areas, with two-phase and three-phase olive oil extraction in Turkey. In the climate change category, analysis results gave a value of 3.04 kg of CO 2 equivalent for 1 kg of unpackaged virgin olive oil. The phase that contributes the most in all impact categories is the farming phase (2.53 kg of CO 2 equivalent), whereas the most impactful activities are fertilization and irrigation (69.5% of impact in this stage). The results have been compared to others obtained by different value chains, revealing an intermediate position in environmental impact. It can be concluded that better agricultural practices should be implemented, including the optimization of energy and water systems, in order to minimize the negative environmental effect of olive oil production.

Suggested Citation

  • Beatriz Ruiz-Carrasco & Lázuli Fernández-Lobato & Yaiza López-Sánchez & David Vera, 2023. "Life Cycle Assessment of Olive Oil Production in Turkey, a Territory with an Intensive Production Project," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-23, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:6:p:1192-:d:1163192
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    Cited by:

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