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Excessive Nitrogen Application Leads to Lower Rice Yield and Grain Quality by Inhibiting the Grain Filling of Inferior Grains

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  • Can Zhao

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Guangming Liu

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Yue Chen

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Yan Jiang

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Yi Shi

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Lingtian Zhao

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Pingqiang Liao

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Weiling Wang

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Ke Xu

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Qigen Dai

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Zhongyang Huo

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, 88 Daxue South Road, Yangzhou 225009, China)

Abstract

Nitrogen fertilizer is an important agronomic measure to regulate rice yield and grain quality. Grain filling is crucial for the formation of rice yield and grain quality. However, there are few studies on the effects of excessive nitrogen application (ENA) on grain filling rate and grain quality. A two-year field experiment was conducted to reveal the difference in grain filling characteristics and grain quality of superior grains (SG) and inferior grains (IG), as well as their responses to nitrogen fertilizer. We determined the grain appearance, the rice yield, the grain filling characteristics of SG and IG, and grain quality. We found that with the increasing nitrogen application level, grain yield of both varieties first increased and then decreased. The average yield of excessive nitrogen application (345 kg N ha −1 ) was 2.68–6.31% lower than that of appropriate nitrogen application (270 kg N ha −1 ). ENA reduced the grain filling rate by 12.7–25.8%, and the grain filling rate of SG was higher than that of IG. Increasing nitrogen application increased the processing quality and appearance quality of rice grain, but ENA deteriorated the appearance quality, eating quality and nutritional quality. The amylose content and taste value of SS were 3.1–9.7% and 7.1–20.2% higher than those of IS, respectively. The protein components of SG were lower than those of IG. Taken together, our results revealed that ENA leads to the lowering of rice grain yield and grain quality by suppressed grain filling of inferior grains.

Suggested Citation

  • Can Zhao & Guangming Liu & Yue Chen & Yan Jiang & Yi Shi & Lingtian Zhao & Pingqiang Liao & Weiling Wang & Ke Xu & Qigen Dai & Zhongyang Huo, 2022. "Excessive Nitrogen Application Leads to Lower Rice Yield and Grain Quality by Inhibiting the Grain Filling of Inferior Grains," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:7:p:962-:d:855796
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mingqing Liu & Yuncheng Wu & Sijie Huang & Yuwen Yang & Yan Li & Lei Wang & Yunguan Xi & Jibing Zhang & Qiuhui Chen, 2022. "Effects of Organic Fertilization Rates on Surface Water Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Paddy Fields," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-12, September.
    2. Binoy Kumar Show & Suraj Panja & Richik GhoshThakur & Aman Basu & Apurba Koley & Anudeb Ghosh & Kalipada Pramanik & Shibani Chaudhury & Amit Kumar Hazra & Narottam Dey & Andrew B. Ross & Srinivasan Ba, 2023. "Optimisation of Anaerobic Digestate and Chemical Fertiliser Application to Enhance Rice Yield—A Machine-Learning Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Yinglong Chen & Yang Liu & Shiqi Dong & Juge Liu & Yang Wang & Shahid Hussain & Huanhe Wei & Zhongyang Huo & Ke Xu & Qigen Dai, 2022. "Response of Rice Yield and Grain Quality to Combined Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density in Saline Area," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, October.
    4. Xiaofei Yang & Kexing Liu & Yanmei Wen & Yongxiang Huang & Chao Zheng, 2023. "Application of Natural and Calcined Oyster Shell Powders to Improve Latosol and Manage Nitrogen Leaching," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-21, February.

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