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Response of Rice Yield and Grain Quality to Combined Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density in Saline Area

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  • Yinglong Chen

    (Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Yang Liu

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Shiqi Dong

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Juge Liu

    (College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China)

  • Yang Wang

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Shahid Hussain

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Huanhe Wei

    (Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Zhongyang Huo

    (Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Ke Xu

    (Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Qigen Dai

    (Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
    Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

Abstract

To determine the combining effects of nitrogen application rate and planting density on rice yield and grain quality formation under salinity conditions, a field experiment was conducted in the coastal saline area using Oryza sativa L. cv. Nangeng 9108 from 2019 to 2020. The experiment was designed with six nitrogen rates (0, 210, 255, 300, 345, and 390 kg ha −1 ; denoted as N0-N390, respectively) and two transplanting densities (334,000 and 278,000 hills ha −1 ; denoted as D1 and D2, respectively). The results indicated that, with the increase of nitrogen input rate, the panicles number and spikelets per panicle increased first, subsequently decreased, and peaked under 300 kg ha −1 N, whereas the filled-kernel rate and grain weight displayed a decreasing trend. The panicle number and grain weight were higher under D1 treatment compared to those under D2 treatment, while the spikelet number per panicle and the filled-kernel rate displayed an opposite trend. The grain yield displayed highest under N300D1 treatment among all treatments, accompanied by the highest agronomic N use efficiency, and the actual yield reached 8060.4 kg ha −1 and 7869.8 kg ha −1 in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Increased nitrogen application rate significantly improved the grain processing quality and nutritional quality, while reducing the appearance quality and cooking/eating quality. Higher transplant density was conductive to grain nutritional quality, but notably reduced the processing quality, appearance quality and cooking/eating quality. Overall, a combination of 300 kg ha −1 nitrogen rate and 334,000 hills ha −1 planting density was recommended for relatively higher rice yield and better grain quality in the saline area.

Suggested Citation

  • Yinglong Chen & Yang Liu & Shiqi Dong & Juge Liu & Yang Wang & Shahid Hussain & Huanhe Wei & Zhongyang Huo & Ke Xu & Qigen Dai, 2022. "Response of Rice Yield and Grain Quality to Combined Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density in Saline Area," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:11:p:1788-:d:956040
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Huanhe Wei & Jialin Ge & Xubin Zhang & Wang Zhu & Yinglong Chen & Tianyao Meng & Qigen Dai, 2022. "Agronomic and Physicochemical Properties Facilitating the Synchronization of Grain Yield and the Overall Palatability of Japonica Rice in East China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Can Zhao & Guangming Liu & Yue Chen & Yan Jiang & Yi Shi & Lingtian Zhao & Pingqiang Liao & Weiling Wang & Ke Xu & Qigen Dai & Zhongyang Huo, 2022. "Excessive Nitrogen Application Leads to Lower Rice Yield and Grain Quality by Inhibiting the Grain Filling of Inferior Grains," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, July.
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