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Carbohydrate and Amino Acid Profiles of Cotton Plant Biomass Products

Author

Listed:
  • Zhongqi He

    (USDA-ARS, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA)

  • Dan C. Olk

    (USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Ames, IA 50011, USA)

  • Haile Tewolde

    (USDA-ARS, Crop Science Research Laboratory, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA)

  • Hailin Zhang

    (Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA)

  • Mark Shankle

    (Pontotoc Ridge-Flatwoods Branch Experiment Station, Mississippi State Univ., Pontotoc, MS 38863, USA)

Abstract

To achieve the optimal and diverse utilization of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) plant residues in various agricultural, industrial, and environmental applications, the chemical composition of cotton biomass tissues across different plant parts (e.g., seed, boll, bur, leaves, stalk, stem, and root) is of essential information. Thus, in this work, we collected field-grown whole mature cotton plants and separated them into distinct biomass fractions including main stems, leaf blades, branches, petioles, roots, and reproductive parts (mid-season growth stage) or bur, peduncles/bract, and seed cotton (pre-defoliation stage). The contents of selected carbohydrates and amino acids in these cotton biomass materials were determined. Both essential and nonessential amino acids were enriched in cotton leaf blades and reproductive parts. The distribution pattern of the selected carbohydrates differed from that of amino acids—higher contents of carbohydrate were found in roots, main stems, and branches. Although glucose was the most abundant non-structural carbohydrate in cotton plant parts at mid-season, xylose was the most abundant in most plant parts at the pre-defoliation stage. Nutritional carbohydrates and amino acids were further accumulated in seeds at pre-defoliation. The information reported in this work would be helpful in exploring and optimizing management practices and processing strategies for utilizing cotton crop biomass materials as valuable and renewable natural resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhongqi He & Dan C. Olk & Haile Tewolde & Hailin Zhang & Mark Shankle, 2019. "Carbohydrate and Amino Acid Profiles of Cotton Plant Biomass Products," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-14, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:10:y:2019:i:1:p:2-:d:299144
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yunhe Zhang & Omololu John Idowu & Catherine E. Brewer, 2016. "Using Agricultural Residue Biochar to Improve Soil Quality of Desert Soils," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-11, March.
    2. James Mahan & Paxton Payton, 2018. "Design and Implementation of a Rainfed Matrix for Cotton," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-22, December.
    3. Al Afif, Rafat & Anayah, S. Sean & Pfeifer, Christoph, 2020. "Batch pyrolysis of cotton stalks for evaluation of biochar energy potential," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 2250-2258.
    4. Steven Mauget & Mauricio Ulloa & Jane Dever, 2019. "Planting Date Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality in the U.S. Southern High Plains," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-19, April.
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