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Short-Term Biochar Impacts on Crop Performance and Soil Quality in Arid Sandy Loam Soil

Author

Listed:
  • Lindsay Keller

    (Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA)

  • Omololu John Idowu

    (Department of Extension Plant Sciences, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA)

  • April Ulery

    (Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA)

  • Mohammed Omer

    (Department of Extension Plant Sciences, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA)

  • Catherine E. Brewer

    (Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA)

Abstract

A two-year field study was conducted in sandy loam soil to evaluate the impacts of biochar on soil quality and the growth and yields of pinto bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) and sorghum–Sudan ( Sorghum × drummondii ). A wood-derived commercial biochar was applied at three rates to pinto bean (PB) and sorghum–Sudan (SS) plots. The biochar application rates applied annually for two years to PB plots were 0, 2.2, and 11.2 Mg ha −1 , whereas the rates for SS plots were 0, 3.4, and 6.7 Mg ha −1 . Crop growth and harvest parameters were evaluated. Assessed soil measurements included pH, electrical conductivity, available nutrients, soil organic matter (SOM), permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), soil aggregates, and volumetric soil moisture content. The results showed no significant differences in plant growth parameters and yields over the two growing seasons for both PB and SS. Compared to the control treatment, the biochar at 11.2 Mg ha −1 in PB plots improved soil moisture retention after irrigation by 19% in the first year and 25% in the second year. The SOM in the SS plot at 6.7 Mg ha −1 biochar rate was higher (1.02%) compared to the control plot (0.82%), whereas a similar increase was not observed in the PB plot. Although biochar rates did not affect most of the soil measurements, there were significant changes in soil properties over time, regardless of biochar treatments: POXC increased in the PB and SS plots; SOM increased in the SS plot; and electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, and most soil micronutrients decreased. This research was conducted over two years; the effects of biochar can persist for much longer, indicating the need for longer-term biochar field studies in arid agroecosystems.

Suggested Citation

  • Lindsay Keller & Omololu John Idowu & April Ulery & Mohammed Omer & Catherine E. Brewer, 2023. "Short-Term Biochar Impacts on Crop Performance and Soil Quality in Arid Sandy Loam Soil," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:4:p:782-:d:1110428
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Yunhe Zhang & Omololu John Idowu & Catherine E. Brewer, 2016. "Using Agricultural Residue Biochar to Improve Soil Quality of Desert Soils," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-11, March.
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    1. Laurențiu Constantin Vlăduțoiu & Georgiana Chişiu & Andrei Tudor & Nicolae-Valentin Vlăduț & Lucian Fechete Tutunaru & Eugen Marin & Iulia-Andrea Grigore, 2023. "Tribological Study of Chisel Knives in Sandy Soil," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, June.
    2. Sukhan Rattanaloeadnusorn & Nopparat Buddhakala & Thanasak Lomthong, 2023. "Utilization of Palm Oil Midrib Biochar as Soil Amendment with a Newly Isolated Bacillus sp. SM11 for Growth Enhancement and Nitrate Reduction in Romaine Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia )," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-11, October.

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