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Multivariate modeling and analysis of regional ocean freight rates

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  • Adland, Roar
  • Benth, Fred Espen
  • Koekebakker, Steen

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new multivariate model for the dynamics of regional ocean freight rates. We show that a cointegrated system of regional spot freight rates can be decomposed into a common non-stationary market factor and stationary regional deviations. The resulting integrated CAR process is new to the literature. By interpreting the common market factor as the global arithmetic average of the regional rates, both the market factor and the regional deviations are observable which simplifies the calibration of the model. Moreover, forward contracts on the market factor can be traded in the Forward Freight Agreement (FFA) market. We calibrate the model to historical spot rate processes and illustrate the term structures of volatility and correlation between the regional prices and the market factor. Our model is an important contribution towards improved modelling and hedging of regional price risk when derivative market liquidity is concentrated in a single global benchmark.

Suggested Citation

  • Adland, Roar & Benth, Fred Espen & Koekebakker, Steen, 2018. "Multivariate modeling and analysis of regional ocean freight rates," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 194-221.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transe:v:113:y:2018:i:c:p:194-221
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tre.2017.10.014
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    Cited by:

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    7. Zhang, X. & Chen, M.Y. & Wang, M.G. & Ge, Y.E. & Stanley, H.E., 2019. "A novel hybrid approach to Baltic Dry Index forecasting based on a combined dynamic fluctuation network and artificial intelligence method," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 361(C), pages 499-516.
    8. Siddiqui, Atiq W. & Basu, Rounaq, 2020. "An empirical analysis of relationships between cyclical components of oil price and tanker freight rates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).

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