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Pricing and hedging in the freight futures market

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  • Marcel Prokopczuk

Abstract

In this article, we consider the pricing and hedging of single‐route dry bulk freight futures contracts traded on the International Maritime Exchange. Thus far, this relatively young market has received almost no academic attention. In contrast to many other commodity markets, freight services are non‐storable, making a simple cost‐of‐carry valuation impossible. We empirically compare the pricing and hedging accuracy of a variety of continuous‐time futures pricing models. Our results show that the inclusion of a second stochastic factor significantly improves the pricing and hedging accuracy. Overall, the results indicate that the Schwartz and Smith ( 2000 ) two‐factor model provides the best performance. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 31:440–464, 2011

Suggested Citation

  • Marcel Prokopczuk, 2011. "Pricing and hedging in the freight futures market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(5), pages 440-464, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:31:y:2011:i:5:p:440-464
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    Cited by:

    1. Yu, Fangping & Xiang, Zhiyuan & Wang, Xuanhe & Yang, Mo & Kuang, Haibo, 2023. "An innovative tool for cost control under fragmented scenarios: The container freight index microinsurance," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    2. Alexandridis, George & Kavussanos, Manolis G. & Kim, Chi Y. & Tsouknidis, Dimitris A. & Visvikis, Ilias D., 2018. "A survey of shipping finance research: Setting the future research agenda," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 164-212.
    3. Fred Espen Benth, 2021. "Pricing of Commodity and Energy Derivatives for Polynomial Processes," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-30, January.
    4. Zhong, Huiling & Zhang, Fa & Gu, Yimiao, 2021. "A Stackelberg game based two-stage framework to make decisions of freight rate for container shipping lines in the emerging blockchain-based market," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    5. Jingbo Yin & Meifeng Luo & Lixian Fan, 2017. "Dynamics and interactions between spot and forward freights in the dry bulk shipping market," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(2), pages 271-288, February.
    6. Gong, Yuting & Li, Kevin X. & Chen, Shu-Ling & Shi, Wenming, 2020. "Contagion risk between the shipping freight and stock markets: Evidence from the recent US-China trade war," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    7. Zihui Han & Xiangcheng Zhu & Zhenqing Su, 2024. "Forecasting Maritime and Financial Market Trends: Leveraging CNN-LSTM Models for Sustainable Shipping and China’s Financial Market Integration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-24, November.
    8. Nguyen, Duc Khuong & Sensoy, Ahmet & Sousa, Ricardo M. & Salah Uddin, Gazi, 2020. "U.S. equity and commodity futures markets: Hedging or financialization?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    9. Lourdes Gómez-Valle & Julia Martínez-Rodríguez, 2021. "Including Jumps in the Stochastic Valuation of Freight Derivatives," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-17, January.
    10. Lourdes Gómez-Valle & Miguel Angel López-Marcos & Julia Martínez-Rodríguez, 2020. "Two New Strategies for Pricing Freight Options by Means of a Valuation PDE and by Functional Bounds," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-12, April.
    11. Su, Miao & Nie, Yufei & Li, Jiankun & Yang, Lin & Kim, Woohyoung, 2024. "Futures markets and the baltic dry index: A prediction study based on deep learning," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    12. Adland, Roar & Alizadeh, Amir H., 2018. "Explaining price differences between physical and derivative freight contracts," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 20-33.
    13. Lourdes Gómez‐Valle & Ioannis Kyriakou & Julia Martínez‐Rodríguez & Nikos K. Nomikos, 2021. "Estimating risk‐neutral freight rate dynamics: A nonparametric approach," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(11), pages 1824-1842, November.
    14. Adland, Roar & Benth, Fred Espen & Koekebakker, Steen, 2018. "Multivariate modeling and analysis of regional ocean freight rates," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 194-221.
    15. Georgios I. Papayiannis, 2022. "Static Hedging of Freight Risk under Model Uncertainty," Papers 2207.00862, arXiv.org.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • C50 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - General
    • Q40 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - General

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