IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transb/v148y2021icp132-151.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Maximum-stability dispatch policy for shared autonomous vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Kang, Di
  • Levin, Michael W.

Abstract

Shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) have been widely studied in the recent literature. Agent-based simulations and theoretical models have extensively explored the effects on travel service, fleet size, and congestion using heuristic dispatching strategies to match SAVs with on-demand passengers. A major question that simulations have sought to address is the service rate or replacement rate: the number of passengers each SAV can serve. Thus far, the service rate has mostly been estimated through simulation. This paper investigates an analytical max-pressure dispatch policy, which aims to maximize passenger throughput under any stochastic demand pattern, which takes the form of a model predictive control algorithm. An analytical proof using Lyapunov drift techniques is presented to show that the dispatch policy achieves maximum stability. The service rate and minimum fleet sizes are derived analytically in this paper and can be achieved with the proposed dispatch policy. Simulation results show that the maximum stable demand is linearly related to the fleet size given. Also, it demonstrates how asymmetric demand necessitates rebalancing trips that affect service rates. Even though decreasing average waiting time is not the primary goal of this paper, stability ensures bounded waiting times, which is demonstrated in simulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Kang, Di & Levin, Michael W., 2021. "Maximum-stability dispatch policy for shared autonomous vehicles," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 132-151.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:transb:v:148:y:2021:i:c:p:132-151
    DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2021.04.011
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191261521000746
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.trb.2021.04.011?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Anton Braverman & J. G. Dai & Xin Liu & Lei Ying, 2019. "Empty-Car Routing in Ridesharing Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 67(5), pages 1437-1452, September.
    2. Shen, Yu & Zhang, Hongmou & Zhao, Jinhua, 2018. "Integrating shared autonomous vehicle in public transportation system: A supply-side simulation of the first-mile service in Singapore," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 125-136.
    3. Daniel J. Fagnant & Kara M. Kockelman, 2018. "Dynamic ride-sharing and fleet sizing for a system of shared autonomous vehicles in Austin, Texas," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(1), pages 143-158, January.
    4. Iacobucci, Riccardo & McLellan, Benjamin & Tezuka, Tetsuo, 2018. "Modeling shared autonomous electric vehicles: Potential for transport and power grid integration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 148-163.
    5. Fagnant, Daniel J. & Kockelman, Kara, 2015. "Preparing a nation for autonomous vehicles: opportunities, barriers and policy recommendations," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 167-181.
    6. Itf, 2015. "Urban Mobility System Upgrade: How shared self-driving cars could change city traffic," International Transport Forum Policy Papers 6, OECD Publishing.
    7. Chen, T. Donna & Kockelman, Kara M. & Hanna, Josiah P., 2016. "Operations of a shared, autonomous, electric vehicle fleet: Implications of vehicle & charging infrastructure decisions," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 243-254.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Fielbaum, Andrés & Tirachini, Alejandro & Alonso-Mora, Javier, 2023. "Economies and diseconomies of scale in on-demand ridepooling systems," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 34(C).
    2. Levin, Michael W., 2022. "A general maximum-stability dispatch policy for shared autonomous vehicle dispatch with an analytical characterization of the maximum throughput," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 258-280.
    3. Chen, Yao & Liu, Yang & Bai, Yun & Mao, Baohua, 2024. "Real-time dispatch management of shared autonomous vehicles with on-demand and pre-booked requests," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tang, Zhe-Yi & Tian, Li-Jun & Wang, David Z.W., 2021. "Multi-modal morning commute with endogenous shared autonomous vehicle penetration considering parking space constraint," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    2. Al-Kanj, Lina & Nascimento, Juliana & Powell, Warren B., 2020. "Approximate dynamic programming for planning a ride-hailing system using autonomous fleets of electric vehicles," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 284(3), pages 1088-1106.
    3. Nadafianshahamabadi, Razieh & Tayarani, Mohammad & Rowangould, Gregory, 2021. "A closer look at urban development under the emergence of autonomous vehicles: Traffic, land use and air quality impacts," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    4. Gu, Yewen & Goez, Julio C. & Mario, Guajardo & Wallace, Stein W., 2019. "Autonomous vessels: State of the art and potential opportunities in logistics," Discussion Papers 2019/6, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Business and Management Science.
    5. Levin, Michael W., 2022. "A general maximum-stability dispatch policy for shared autonomous vehicle dispatch with an analytical characterization of the maximum throughput," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 258-280.
    6. Li, Dun & Huang, Youlin & Qian, Lixian, 2022. "Potential adoption of robotaxi service: The roles of perceived benefits to multiple stakeholders and environmental awareness," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 120-135.
    7. Meyer, Jonas & Becker, Henrik & Bösch, Patrick M. & Axhausen, Kay W., 2017. "Autonomous vehicles: The next jump in accessibilities?," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 80-91.
    8. Becker, Henrik & Becker, Felix & Abe, Ryosuke & Bekhor, Shlomo & Belgiawan, Prawira F. & Compostella, Junia & Frazzoli, Emilio & Fulton, Lewis M. & Guggisberg Bicudo, Davi & Murthy Gurumurthy, Krishna, 2020. "Impact of vehicle automation and electric propulsion on production costs for mobility services worldwide," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 105-126.
    9. Sehyun Tak & Soomin Woo & Sungjin Park & Sunghoon Kim, 2021. "The City-Wide Impacts of the Interactions between Shared Autonomous Vehicle-Based Mobility Services and the Public Transportation System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-29, June.
    10. Kassens-Noor, Eva & Dake, Dana & Decaminada, Travis & Kotval-K, Zeenat & Qu, Teresa & Wilson, Mark & Pentland, Brian, 2020. "Sociomobility of the 21st century: Autonomous vehicles, planning, and the future city," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 329-335.
    11. Zhou, Fan & Zheng, Zuduo & Whitehead, Jake & Perrons, Robert K. & Washington, Simon & Page, Lionel, 2020. "Examining the impact of car-sharing on private vehicle ownership," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 322-341.
    12. Li, Qing & Liao, Feixiong, 2020. "Incorporating vehicle self-relocations and traveler activity chains in a bi-level model of optimal deployment of shared autonomous vehicles," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 151-175.
    13. Martin Adler & Stefanie Peer & Tanja Sinozic, 2019. "Autonomous, Connected, Electric Shared vehicles (ACES) and public finance: an explorative analysis," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 19-005/VIII, Tinbergen Institute.
    14. Oh, Simon & Seshadri, Ravi & Azevedo, Carlos Lima & Kumar, Nishant & Basak, Kakali & Ben-Akiva, Moshe, 2020. "Assessing the impacts of automated mobility-on-demand through agent-based simulation: A study of Singapore," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 367-388.
    15. Marletto, Gerardo, 2019. "Who will drive the transition to self-driving? A socio-technical analysis of the future impact of automated vehicles," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 221-234.
    16. Yefang Zhou & Hitomi Sato & Toshiyuki Yamamoto, 2021. "Shared Low-Speed Autonomous Vehicle System for Suburban Residential Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-15, August.
    17. Gurumurthy, Krishna Murthy & Kockelman, Kara M., 2022. "Dynamic ride-sharing impacts of greater trip demand and aggregation at stops in shared autonomous vehicle systems," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 114-125.
    18. Cokyasar, Taner & Larson, Jeffrey, 2020. "Optimal assignment for the single-household shared autonomous vehicle problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 98-115.
    19. Manon Feys & Evy Rombaut & Lieselot Vanhaverbeke, 2020. "Experience and Acceptance of Autonomous Shuttles in the Brussels Capital Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-23, October.
    20. Yantao Huang & Kara M. Kockelman, 2020. "What will autonomous trucking do to U.S. trade flows? Application of the random-utility-based multi-regional input–output model," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(5), pages 2529-2556, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:transb:v:148:y:2021:i:c:p:132-151. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/548/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.