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Social and psychological resources and health outcomes after the World Trade Center disaster

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  • Adams, Richard E.
  • Boscarino, Joseph A.
  • Galea, Sandro

Abstract

Previous studies on community disasters tend to assess non-representative samples and use nonstandard measures of well-being. Additionally, few of these studies are longitudinal in design. In this report, we examine the consequences of the World Trade Center Disaster (WTCD) within a stress model perspective to assess level of exposure to the disaster and well-being after this event, as measured by the SF12 mental health and physical health scales. Data come from a two-wave panel study of 1681 English or Spanish speaking adults living in New York City on the day of the terrorist attacks and were collected by telephone interviews 1 and 2 years after the disaster. In ordinary least-squares regression models that contained demographic characteristics, stress risk factors, and social psychological resources as independent variables, level of exposure to the disaster was associated with poorer Wave 2 physical well-being, but not psychological health. Level of disaster exposure was not related to Wave 2 physical health, however, once the Wave 1 level of physical health was controlled, suggesting that disaster exposure did not have a lasting impact on variation in physical well-being. Results also indicated that experiencing a panic attack, negative life events, or traumatic events were related to poorer physical health. Respondents who met screening criteria for possible alcohol dependence post-disaster, experienced negative life events, or experienced traumatic events, were more likely to suffer from poorer mental health compared to those who did not meet the criteria, experience negative life events or experience traumas. We discuss these findings relative to community disasters in industrialized and developing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Adams, Richard E. & Boscarino, Joseph A. & Galea, Sandro, 2006. "Social and psychological resources and health outcomes after the World Trade Center disaster," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(1), pages 176-188, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:62:y:2006:i:1:p:176-188
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    1. Thomas MaCurdy & Thomas Mroz & R. Mark Gritz, 1998. "An Evaluation of the National Longitudinal Survey on Youth," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 33(2), pages 345-436.
    2. Vlahov, D. & Galea, S. & Ahern, J. & Resnick, H. & Kilpatrick, D., 2004. "Sustained Increased Consumption of Cigarettes, Alcohol, and Marijuana among Manhattan Residents after September 11, 2001," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(2), pages 253-254.
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    1. Shoshana Shiloh & Gülbanu Güvenç & Dilek Önkal, 2007. "Cognitive and Emotional Representations of Terror Attacks: A Cross‐Cultural Exploration," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(2), pages 397-409, April.
    2. Ning Hsieh, 2013. "Perceived risk of HIV infection and mental health in rural Malawi," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 28(13), pages 373-408.
    3. Lauren A. Clay & Ashley D. Ross, 2020. "Factors Associated with Food Insecurity Following Hurricane Harvey in Texas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-17, January.
    4. Richard E. Adams & Lin T. Guey & Semyon F. Gluzman & Evelyn J. Bromet, 2011. "Psychological well-being and risk perceptions of mothers in Kyiv, Ukraine, 19 years after the Chornobyl disaster," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 57(6), pages 637-645, November.
    5. Yuka Ueda & Fumikazu Hayashi & Tetsuya Ohira & Masaharu Maeda & Seiji Yasumura & Itaru Miura & Shuntaro Itagaki & Michio Shimabukuro & Hironori Nakano & Kenji Kamiya & Hirooki Yabe, 2022. "A Six-Year Prospective Study on Problem Drinking among Evacuees of the Great East Japan Earthquake: The Fukushima Health Management Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-21, December.

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